Formulas

Question 1

Cardiac output

Answer 1

CO = heart rate x stroke volume

Question 2

Systemic blood pressure

Answer 2

SBP = CO x SVR

CO = cardiac output
SVR = systemic vascular resistance

Question 3

Stroke volume

Answer 3

SV = EDV ESV

EDV = end diastolic volume
ESV = end systolic volume

Stroke volume depends on: afterload, preload and contractility

Question 4

Blood flow through any vascular bed

Answer 4

Q = P1-P2 / R

P1-P2 = pressure in artery supplying the vascular bed - pressure in vein draining it.
R = resistance in that vascular bed.

Question 5

Poiseuille’s law formula

Answer 5

Question 6

GFR

Answer 6

GFR = NFR x Kf

NFR = net filtration rate - depends on glomeruli / capsule pressures
Kf = filtration coeficient -> depends on surface area and permeability

Question 7

Renal clearance equation

Answer 7

Cx = (Ux * V) / Px

Cx = clearance (mL/min)
Ux = urine concentration (mg/mL)
V = urine flow rate (mL/min)
Px = plasma concentration (mg/mL)