1
Q
Abbreviation- “take medication every 8 hrs “
A
q8h
2
Q
Prn
A
As needed
3
Q
Ac
A
Before meals
4
Q
Pc
A
After meals
5
Q
Bid
A
Two times daily
6
Q
Tid
A
Three times daily
7
Q
Qid
A
Four times daily
8
Q
qh
A
Every hour
9
Q
q4h
A
Every 4 hours
10
Q
q8h
A
Every 8 hrs
11
Q
Q12
A
Every 12 hrs
12
Q
qd
A
Every day
13
Q
Prn
A
As needed
14
Q
Stat
A
Immediately
15
Q
Po
A
By mouth
16
Q
Pr
A
Rectally
17
Q
Pv
A
Vaginally
18
Q
Hemoptysis
A
Coughing up of blood from the respiratory tract
19
Q
Hematemesis
A
Vomiting blood
20
Q
Hematuria
A
Urinating blood
21
Q
Pyrexia
A
Refers to a fever or an elevated body temperature above 100.4 F
22
Q
Hypothermia
A
An abnormally low body temperature below 95F 
23
Q
Tachypnea
A
Refers to abnormally, rapid breathing rate more than 21 breaths per minute 
24
Q
Bradycardia
A
Abnormally slow heart rate lower than 60 bpm
25
Distribution
Refers to the process by which medication is disbursed or spread throughout the body after its absorbed
26
Absorption
It’s the process by which medication enters the bloodstream
27
Excretion
The process by which a drug is removed from the body through organs such as the kidneys or liver
28
Metabolism
Refers to the chemical alteration of a drug within the body occurring in the liver 
29
Spirometry
The diagnostic test conducted using a spirometer to assess lung function 
30
Main principle of PCMH- Patient centered medical home
The main principle is active engagement and involvement of patients in their own care.
Patients are encouraged to take an active role in decision-making, this is considered shared decision-making
31
Lorazepam
It’s not a narcotic medication. It’s a benzodiazepine used for sedative effects into relieving anxiety 
32
Hydrocodone
Is used for the relief of moderate to severe pain
33
Morphine
Is a powerful narcotic analgesic commonly used for the relief of severe pain
34
Codeine
He used to treat mild to moderate pain. It is often combined with acetaminophen or other pain relievers to enhance effectiveness.
35
Oxycodone
Is used for the relief of moderate to your pain 
36
Amenorrhea
Absence of periods
Prefix a- without
37
Menorrhagia
Heavy menstrual periods
38
Menarche
First menstrual period
39
Dysmenorrhea
Severe cramping
Prefix- Dys- difficult
40
Acute
Describes conditions that develop suddenly and our severe, but are short time 
41
Chronic
Describes conditions that are long lasting
42
Tardive
Slow onset of symptoms
43
Nosocomial
Refers to diseases acquired while in a healthcare setting 
44
Ischemia
refers to the restriction of oxygen rich blood to a part of the body. It can result in sell damage or death, if not resolved.
45
Hypertrophy
Is the enlargement of an organ or tissue due to an increase in the size of cells
46
Hypotrophy
Refers to underdevelopment of tissue or organ 
47
Necrosis
Death of cell or tissue
Ischemia can lease to necrosis but these are not the same. Ischemia is a condition while necrosis is an outcome
48
Pathy
Disease
49
Algia
Pain
50
Dysphagia
Refers to difficulty swallowing 
51
Dysphasia
Is a language disorder caused by brain injury, stroke, affecting ability to speak, understand, read or write 
52
Dystonia
Muscle spam and abnormal posture due to neurological disease
53
Dystonia
A movement disorder that causes involuntary muscle contractions leading to twisting and repetitive movements 
54
Dysphagia
Difficulty in swallowing
55
Dyspnea
Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
56
Dysphasia
Language disorder caused by brain injury, or stroke, affecting ability to speak, understand, read or write 
57
Schedule 1 drugs
Hypo potential for abuse, no currently accepted medical use and treatment, and a lack of accepted safety for use under medical supervision
Examples: heroin, marijuana, LSD
Not prescribed
58
Schedule II drugs
Have high potential for abuse are currently accepted medical use, and treatment and potential for severe psychological or physical dependence
Example: fentanyl, oxycodone,morphine,methamphetamina 
Cannot be prescribed by phone. Prescription cannot include refills
59
Schedule III drugs
Lower potential for abuse, currently accepted medical use and treatment, potential for moderate to low physical dependence or high physiological dependence
Example: codeine 
Can be prescribed via telephone, refill up to 5 times within 6 months
60
Schedule IV
Have a lower potential for abuse, are currently accepted in treatment, low potential for physical or physiological dependence
Examples: Xanax, Valium, ambien
Can be prescribed via telephone, refill up to 5 times in 6 months
61
Schedule V
Have the lowest potential for abuse, currently accepted for medical treatment, low potential for physical and physiological dependence
Example: cough medicine, 
62
Schedule V
Have the lowest potential for abuse, currently accepted for medical treatment, low potential for physical and physiological dependence
Example: cough medicine, 
Can be prescribed via telephone
63
CABG
Coronary artery bypass graft
64
Sign
Objective, observable by others, example fever, rash
65
Symptom
Subjective, reported by patient, example: pain, nausea
66
Water soluble vitamins
Includes vitamins B and C
Excess excreted in urine
67
Fat soluble
Starred in the bodies fatty tissue and liver
ADEK
68
Spirinolactone
Potassium sparing diuretic that helps the body remove excess fluids
69
Prednisone
Corticosteroids used to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune response 
70
Bethametasone
Corticosteroids used to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune response
71
Petechiae
Ruptured capillaries
72
Active immunity
Developed by individuals own immune system responding to pathogens or vaccine 
73
Passive immunity
Transferred from another source such as maternal antibodies or injections 
74
Cross immunity
Occurs when immunity to one pathogen provides some level of protection against another pathogen
75
Innate immunity
The body’s natural nonspecific, defense mechanism 
76
77
Sx
Symptoms
78
Nsf
No significant findings
79
Pe
Physical examination
80
Sob
Shortness of breath
81
NOP
Nothing by mouth
82
AMA
Against medical advice
83
Transdermal patch instructions
-Rotate the side of application daily
-Apply to fleshy hairless area
-Avoid exercising while the patch is in use
84
CAD
Coronary artery disease
85
Intra-articular injections
These are injected directly into the joint space 
86
Intramuscular injections
 an injection into muscle tissue
87
Intradermal
 injections beneath the skin
88
Sympathetic system
Fight or flight
89
Parasympathetic
Rest and digest
90
Trust vs mistrust
Birth to 18 months
91
Autonomy vs shame and doubt
2-3 years old
92
Initiative vs guilt
3-6 years old
93
Industry vs inferiority
7-12 years old
94
Identity vs role confusion
12-20 years old
95
Intimacy vs isolation.
20-35 years old
96
Generativity vs stagnation
35-65 years old
97
Ego integrity vs despair
65 and older
98
99
Displacement
A defense mechanism were emotional feelings are redirected to another less threatening object or person
100
Suppression
Consciously choosing not to engage or think about the distressing thoughts or feelings
101
Conversion
The unconscious transformation of physiological stress into physical symptoms
102
Introjection
Involves internalizing, the ideas, voices, or attitudes of others.
Ex: medical assistant expresses confidence in the new treatment plan, the patient starts to mirror this optimism and adopts the assistance positive perspective as his own belief 
103
Calories of Fat per gram
9 cal/gram
104
Calories of Protein per gram
4 cal/ gram
105
Calories of Carbohydrates per gram
4 cal/ gram
106
Myalgia
Muscle pain
107
Malaise
General feeling of discomfort or fatigue
108
Neuralgia
Refers to severe shooting or stabbing pain that occurs along the course of a nerve
109
Antihistamine
Primarily to treat allergic reactions
110
Lack of Vitamin k
Increased risk for bleeding, easy bruising 
111
Lack of Vitamin E
Nerve and muscle problems
112
Lack of Vitamin D
Rickets in children and osteomalacia soft of bones in adults
113
Lack of Vitamin c
Scurvy, gum, bleeding, lower immunity
114
Vitamin A
Night blindness, dry skin, impaired immune function
115
Lack of vitamin B
Anemia 
116
Anxiolytic
Relieves anxiety
117
LMP
Last menstrual period-
Date of the first day of the last menstrual cycle
118
TSH
Thyroid, stimulating hormone
119
Nocturia
Excessive urination at night
120
Cholelithiasis
Presence of gallstones in the gallbladder 
121
Cholecystitis
Inflammation of the gallbladder
122
Urolithiasis
Formation of stones in the urinary tract
123
Diaphoretic
Profuse sweating
124
Anhidrosis
Lack of sweating
125
MI
Myocardial infarction
Heart attack
126
Kyphosis
Exaggerated outward thoracic curvature
127
Scoliosis
Abnormal lateral curvature of spine
128
Verrucae
Wart
129
CT scan requirements
Fast for 4-6 hrs
Possible intravenous contrast
130
F/u
Follow up
131
Fx
Fracture
132
Nystagmus
Involuntary side to side eye movement
133
Tinnitus
Perception of sound in the absence of an external source, ringing in the ear
134
Normal heart beat
60-100 bpm
135
Adverse reaction
Anaphylaxis- person is allergic to it
136
Side effect
Known an anticipated response to medication that is usually not harmful to the patient
137
Ascites
Abnormal fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity
138
Peritonitis
Inflammation of the peritoneum, which is the lining of the abdominal cavity
139
1 Teaspoon
5ml
140
1 tablespoon
15 ml
141
Parenteral
Refers to a route of medication administration that bypasses the digestive tract commonly via injection
142
Subcutaneous injection
An injection into the fatty tissue beneath the skin, usually in the abdomen or thigh
143
ABG
Arterial blood, gas tests, for assessing respiratory function by measuring blood, oxygen and carbon dioxide levels 
144
BMP
Basic metabolic panel is focused on assessing metabolic functions
145
LFT
Liver function, tests, assigned to assess the liver health and function
146
UA
Your analysis, analysis of the urine used for detecting range of disorders
147
Presbycusis
Age related hearing loss
148
Epistaxis
Nosebleed
149
Antineoplastics
Category of drugs are designed to treat cancer by slowing down the growth and spread of cancer cells
150
Subcutaneous injection
SQ-
23-25 gauge into subcutaneous tissue
45 degree insertion
151
Patch testing
Used to identify delayed allergic reaction. Reactions, patches are applied on the skin for 48 hour. Period.
152
153
154
qs
As much as a sufficient
155
Urticaria
Rush, characterized by itchy, raised red lesions on skin— hyves
156
Erythema
Refers to redness of skin typically caused by increased blood flow to the area
157
Suppuration
Refers to production of pus
158
Hordeolum
Stye —Is an acute infection of a gland in the eyelid, causing it to become swollen and painful
159
Otalgia
Ear pain
160
Strabismus
Wear eyes do not properly align with each other
161
Nephrolothiasis
Kidney stones
162
Nephroptosis
Floating kidney or renal ptosis
 condition where kidney drops down into the pelvis when a person stands up
163
ddx
Differential diagnosis
164
Fibrinolysis
The breakdown and removal of clot
165
GTT
Glucose tolerance test
Blood collection after 8 hrs fasting, 1 hr after glucose intake and 2 hrs after glucose intake
166
Emetic
Medication to help induce vomiting
167
Contraindication
The specific situation that makes a particular treatment or procedure in advisable 
168
169
170
4 phases of Hemostasis
1. Vascular phase:  injury causes blood vessel to constrict
2. Platelet phase: a temporary platelete plug is formed.
3. Coagulation: the temporary plug is converted to a stable fibrin clot.
4. Fibrin clot remodeling: the fibrin cloth is remodeled eventually leading to the breakdown of the clot
(Fibrinolysis)
171
Rales
Presence of fluid, mucus, or blood inside the alveoli 
172
5 rights of medication administration
1. The right patient.
2.the right drug
3.the right dose
4. The right route
5. The right time
173
Idiopathic
some conditions with an unknown cause
174
Ringworm
Fungal infection that affects skin hair and nails
175
Order of blood draw for capillary puncture
1.Blood gases
2.lavender- EDTA
3.green tubes- sodium heparin
4.other additives- light blue, gray, yellow.
5. Red and Gold- serum, contain either no additive or clot activator
176
177
Order of blood draw tubes phlebotomy
1. Yellow -sps
2.light blue
3.red- clot activator BMP.LFT
4.gold or tiger- clot activator and serum separator
5. Green - Heparin
6. Lavender- EDTA, RBC,
7. Gray- glucose, drug levels
8. White
178
V1
Fourth intercostal space at the right sternal edge
179
V2
Fourth intercostal space at the left external edge
180
V3
Midway between V2 and V4 electrodes
181
V4
Fifth intercostal space on the left midclavicular line
182
V5
Horizontal to V4 on the left anterior axillary line
183
V6
Horizontal to V4 on the left mid- axilary line
184
185
Intramuscular IM
Gauge :22-25
Muscle layer
90 degree angle
186
Subcutaneous
Gauge: 23-25
Subcutaneous tissue
45 degree angle
187
Intravenous IV
Gauge: 21-23
Vein
Angle: 15-30
188
Intradermal
Gauge: 25-27
Dermis just below epidermis
5-15 degree angle
189
190
RUQ
Right upper quadrant
- liver and gallbladder
191
RLQ
Right lower quadrant
- appendix
192
LUQ
Left upper quadrant
- spleen
-Stomach
-large intestine
- small intestine
193
LLQ
Left Lower Quadrant
- bladder
194
Faresightedness
Hyperopia- before the age of 40
195
Nearsightedness
Myopia
when distant objects appear blurry
196
Distorted or blurred vision at all distance
Astigmatism
197
Presbyopia 
Age related loss of the eyes ability to focus on objects, happens after the age of 40
198
Antibodies
Immunoglobulin
199
Heartbeat electrical conduction
1. Sinoatrial node
2. Antrioventricular node
3. Bundle of his
4.Purkinje Fibers
200
Phalanges
Bones in the fingers and toes
201
Hematocrit
Percentage of RBC in the blood
202
Zoloft
Commonly prescribed medication for depression
203
Pandemic
Widespread outbreak- affects a large number of people across multiple counties or continents
204
Endemic
Constantly present within a particular population or geographic area - malaria
205
Epidemic
Outbreak of a disease that affects a larger number of people in a specific population or geographic area
206
207
Hyperopia
Farsightedness- distant object look more clear than near objects
208
Rinnes test
Used to evaluates hearing loss.
During the test a running fork is placed in the mastoid bone
209
Webers test
Tests patients hearing, during test a tuning fork is placed in forehead or top of head
210
Thyrocoxicosis
Excess thyroid hormone T3 and T4, leading to an overactive metabolism and symptoms such as rapid heartbeat, weight loss and heat intolerance
211
Carotid artery Disease
Narrowing or blockage of the carotid arteries, which supply blood directly to the brain, increasing the risk of stroke
212
Graves’ disease
Autoimmune contusion that leads to hyperthyroidism
213
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Autoimmune condition where the system attacks the thyroid gland leading to hypothyroidism
214
Glucose test levels
Normal Fasting blood sugar levels- 70-99 mg/dL
W diabetes- FBS- 70-126
Low BSL- understand 70- hypoglycemia
215
Repolarization
Relaxation of the myocardial cells
216
Depolarization
Contraction of cardiac cells
217
Antenrior pituitary produces:
(Flat, Pig)
Follicle stimulating hormone
Luteinizing hormone
Andrenocorticotropic hormone
Thyroid Stimulating hormone
Prolactin
Ignore
Growth Hormone
218
Posterior pituitary releases
Oxytocin
Antidiuretic hormone
219
Hemochromatosis
Elevated iron in the body
220
Blood types donor
A, Donate: A and AB
B, donate: B and AB
AB, donate: AB
*O, donate: A,B,AB and O (universal Donor
221
Blood types recipients
A, receive: A and O
B, receive: B and O
*AB, receive: A, B, AB and O (universal recipient)
O, receive: O only
222
Orthopnea
Difficulty breathing when laying down and better when sitting up
223
Micturition
Medical term for urination
224
Neutrophils
Increases a number in response to bacterial infections and are typically first to arrive at the site of infection
225
Hypovolemic shock
Severe decrease in blood volume
226
What is found in capillaries?
Venous and arterial blood
227
Aerophagia
The act of swallowing air while eating or drinking
228
Atrial depolarization
P wave - atria contracts
229
QRS complex
Ventricular depolarization- ventricles contract
230
T wave
Ventricular Repolarization- ventricles relax
231
U wave
Often not seen in EKG- represents future repolarization of ventricles
232
3 P of Diabetes
Polyuria- increase urination
Polydipsia- increased thirst
Polyphagia- increased hungry
233
NSAID
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
234
ASA
aspirin
235
HTN
Hypertension
236
ALS
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
237
OPIM
Other potential infectious materials
238
Orthopnea
Difficulty breathing when lying flat, relieved by standing or sitting up
239
I&O
Intake and output
240
Hemophilia
Refers to a genetic disorder, characterized by the blood and ability to clot properly
241
Lysis
Destruction
242
SA node
Pacemaker of the heart- sends electrical impulse
243
AV node
Sends an impulse into the ventricles (bundle of his to branches, through purkinje fibers)
244
Hematocrit reading men
Normal 41-53%
245
Hematocrit reading women
Normal 36-46%
246
Somatic tremor artifact
When patient is moving
247
AC interference
Electrical interference, no proper grounding of the right leg electrode
248
Hemoglobin males
Normal 13.5-17.5
249
Hemoglobin female
Normal 12-15.5
250
Warfarin test affects
PT/INR (prothrombin time)
This medicine is a blood thinner to reduce blood clot risk
251
252
Interrupted baseline
Electrode disconnection
253
Wandering baseline
Poorly attached electrodes
254
EKG small box
1mm=0.04 sec
255
EKG large box
5mm= .2 seconds
256
Butterfly needle for venipuncture
Gauge 21-23
Size 1/2 to 3/4 inch
257
Webers test
1. Place a vibrating tuning fork on the patient for head or head
2. ask the patient to indicate when they hear the sound equally in both ears.
258
Rinne test
1.Place vibrating tuning fork on the patients behind the ear
2. ask patient when they can no longer hear the sound.
259
Somatic tremor
Occurs when patient is moving- jagged peaks with irregular height and spacing
260
Interrupted baseline
Cause by a disconnected electrode
261
Atrial fibrillation
Arrhythmia characterized by irregular and rapid heartbeat of the upper chambers increasing risk of stroke, patients often require blood thinner.
Represented by absence of distinct P waves.
Irregular QRS complex with varying intervals between
262
Arterial blood draw
30-45 angle
The ideal site is at the radial artery wrist
263
Colposcope
Instrument to examine the cervix inside
264
Simple fracture
Closer- broken bone that does not pierce through skin
265
Compound
Open- broken bone that pierces through skin
266
Green stick
Bone that breaks on one side only
267
Comminuted
Broken bone that shatters into three or more fragments
268
Sequence for Donning
Gown
Mask
Googles
Gloves
269
Doffing
Mask
Googles
Gown
Gloves
270
Heart rates
New born- 100-180
Toddler -98-140
Preschool- 80-120
School age- 75-118
Adult- 60-100
271
Blood sugar levels
Hypoglycemia- less than 70
Normal - 70-99
Prediabetes- 100-126
Diabetes -126+
272
Color of tubes venipuncture
Lavender- hemoglobin
Red- chemistry
Light blue- coagulation
Gray- glucose
NHA CCMA
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