Fractures II

Question 1

What is the definition of an open fracture?

Answer 1

• There is direct cmmunication between the external environment and the fracture
• Fractures usually communicate with the external environment through open skin, though not always (e.g. through the rectum when a pelvis is fractured)

Question 2

What is the definition of a dislocation?

Answer 2

Complete joint disruption

Question 3

What is the site and mechanism of injury usually involved in dislocation?

Answer 3

• Shoulder (anterior, posterior)
• Elbow (posterior)
• Hip (posterior)
• Knee (anteropost)
• Ankle (lateral more common)

Question 4

What are the complications of an open fracture?

Answer 4

• Soft tissue infection
• Vascular injury
• Amputation

Question 5

What are the complications of joint dislocation?

Answer 5

• Neurovascular damage
• Recurrent instability

Question 6

What are the principles of management and outcomes of fractures and dislocations?

Answer 6

Fractures:

• Multidisciplinary standardised approach
• IV antibiotics ASAP
• Neurological and vascular status of affected limb assessed at regular intervals
• Gross contmination removed
• Wound splinted

Dislocations:

• Emergency treatment if required
• Surgery if required