CCP 3 LEC > Functional Groups > Flashcards

Functional Groups Flashcards

1- Introduction to Organic Compounds and Functional Groups (72 cards)

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1
Q

an atom or a group of atoms with characteristic chemical and physical properties

A

Functional Groups

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2
Q

What constitutes a functional group?

A

It contains a heteroatom, a multiple bond, or SOMETIMES both.

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3
Q

3 Types of Functional Groups

A
  1. Hydrocarbons
  2. Compounds with a Single Bond to a Heteroatom
  3. Compounds with a C=O Group (Carbonyl Group)
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4
Q

organic compound composed ONLY of hydrogen and carbon atoms;
simplest type of organic compound

A

Hydrocarbon

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5
Q

two main classes of Hydrocarbons

A

aliphatic and aromatic

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6
Q

hydrocarbons that do NOT contain the benzene group, or the benzene ring

A

Aliphatic Hydrocarbons

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7
Q

hydrocarbons that contain one or more benzene rings

A

Aromatic Hydrocarbons

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8
Q

a six-membered ring with three double bonds

A

Benzene Ring

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9
Q

three main subcategories within aliphatic hydrocarbons

A
  1. Alkanes
  2. Alkenes
  3. Alkynes
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10
Q
  1. have ONLY C-C single bonds and NO functional group
  2. often described as saturated
A

Alkanes

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11
Q
  1. have a C-C double bond as their functional group
  2. also called olefins
A

Alkenes

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12
Q

have a C-C triple bond as their functional group

A

Alkynes

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13
Q

general formula of alkanes

A

CnH2n+2

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14
Q

Enumerate the unsaturated hydrocarbons.

A
  1. Alkene
  2. Alkyne
  3. Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Arenes)
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15
Q

general formula of alkenes

A

CnH2n

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16
Q

general formula of alkyne

A

CnH2n−2

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17
Q

alkanes whose carbon atoms are joined in rings

A

Cycloalkanes

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18
Q

name ending in -ene

A

Alkene

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19
Q

Examples of Alkene

A

ethene (C2H4), propene (C3H6)

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20
Q

name ends with -ane

A

Alkane

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21
Q

Examples of Alkane

A

Methane (CH4), Ethane (C2H6), Propane (C3H8)

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22
Q

name ends with -yne

A

Alkyne

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23
Q

Examples of Alkyne

A

Ethyne (C2H2), Propyne (C3H4)

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24
Q

name ends with -yl benzene

A

Arene

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25
Examples of Arene
**Benzene** (*C6H6*), **Toluene** (*C7H8*), **Ethyl Benzene**
26
name ends with **-ol**
**Alcohol**
27
name with **-oxy -ane**
**Ether**
28
name with **-ene oxide**
**Epoxide**
29
name with **halo-**
**Haloalkane** / **Alkyl Halide**
30
name ends with **-al**
**Aldehyde**
31
name ends with **-one**
**Ketone**
32
name ends with **-oic acid**
**Carboxylic Acid**
33
name ends with **-oic anhydride**
**Acid Anhydride**
34
name ends with **-yl -oate**
**Ester**
35
name ends with **-amide**
**Amide**
36
name ends with **-oyl halide**
**Acyl Halide**
37
name ends with **-amine**
**Amine**
38
name ends with **-nitrile**
**Nitrile**
39
name ends with **-imine**
**Imine**
40
name ends with **-yl isocyanate**
**Isocyanate**
41
name with **azo-**
**Azo Compound**
42
name ends with **-thiol**
**Thiol**
43
Enumerate the **Hydrocarbons** (3).
1. **Alkane** 2. **Alkene** 3. **Alkyne**
44
Enumerate the **Simple Oxygen Heteroatomics** (3).
1. **Alcohol** 2. **Ether** 3. **Epoxide**
45
**Halogen Heteroatomics** (1)
**Haloalkane** / **Alkyl Halide**
46
Enumerate the **Carbonyl Compounds** (7).
1. **Aldehyde** 2. **Ketone** 3. **Carboxylic Acid** 4. **Acid Anhydride** 5. **Ester** 6. **Amide** 7. **Acyl Halide**
47
Enumerate the **Nitrogen-based** functional group (5).
1. **Amine** 2. **Nitrile** 3. **Imine** 4. **Isocyanate** 5. **Azo Compound**
48
a **Sulfur-based** functional group (1)
**Thiol**
49
an **Aromatic** functional group (1)
**Arene**
50
Alkyl Halide
RX
51
Alcohol
ROH
52
Ether
ROR
53
Amine
RNH2, R2NH, R3N
54
Thiol
RSH
55
Carboxylic Acid
RCOOH
56
Aldehyde
RCOH
57
Ketone
RCOR
58
Ester
RCOOR
59
Amide
RCONH2
60
Thioester
RCOSR
61
Acyl Halide
RCOX
62
Nitrile
RCN
63
Sulfide / Thioether
RSR
64
Disulfide
RSSR
65
Imine
RCNR
66
Isocyanate
RNCO
67
Azo Compound
RNNR
68
Sulfoxide
RS+O-R
69
OH
Hydroxyl
70
OR
Alkoxy
71
SH
sulfhydryl / mercapto
72
CN
cyano
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