Functional Groups and Aromatic Compounds

Question 1

What is a hydrocarbon with no double bonds between carbons?

Answer 1

Alkane

Question 2

What is a hydrocarbon with double bonds between carbons?

Answer 2

Alkene

Question 3

What is a hydrocarbon with three bonds between carbons?

Answer 3

Alkyne

Question 4

What is the order of priority with functional groups?

Answer 4

1. Carboxylic acid
2. Ester
3. Amide
4. Aldehyde
5. Ketone
6. Alcohol
7. Amine
8. Ether
9. Alkene
10. Alkyne

Question 5

Functional group and naming of carboxylic acid

Answer 5

• COOH
• Ends in -oic acid

Question 6

Functional group and naming of ester

Answer 6

• COO-
• Ends in -oate

Question 7

Functional group and naming of amide

Answer 7

• CONH2
• Ends in -amide

Question 8

Functional group and naming of aldehyde

Answer 8

• COH
  ( double bond O and single bond H do a carbon)
• Ends in - al
• Starts with Formyl- (is carboxylicacid, ester or amide present)

Question 9

Functional group and naming of ketone

Answer 9

• COC-
  ( double bond O attached to carbon in middle of chain)
• Ends in -one
  Starts in oxy- ( if lower priority than other functional groups)

Question 10

Functional group and naming of alcohol

Answer 10

-OH
- Ends in -ol
- Starts with hydroxy- ( if lower priority)

Question 11

Functional group and naming of amine

Answer 11

• NH2, NH, N
• Ends in -amine
• Starts in amino- (if lower priority)

Question 12

Functional group and naming of ether

Answer 12

• COC
  (Single bond O between two carbons)
• Ends in -ether
• Starts with oxy-
  EXAMPLE:
  Ethoxypropane

Question 13

Functional group and naming of nitrile

Answer 13

• CN
• Starts with Cyano-
• Ends in -nitrile

Question 14

Functional group and naming of benzene

Answer 14

• Benzene ring (cyclohex-1,3,5-triene)
• Ends in -benzene
• Starts in Phenyl- (if adjoining chain has 7+ carbons or has several functional groups)
  1,2 = ortho
  1,3 = meta
  1,4 = para
  EXAMPLE:
  Ortho-dimethyl benzene