What is the functional movement screen?
Consists of 7 tasks
Scored 0 (lowest) through III (highest)
Lowest score counts on bilateral tests
Best possible score 21
A series of movements designed to evaluate stability and mobility (i.e. functional movement)
Uses extreme positions where weaknesses and imbalances become noticeable
Initital goal was to identify athletes at increased risk for injury
What are the exercises of the FMS?
Deep Squat
Hurdle Step
In-line Lunge
Shoulder Mobility
Active Leg Raise
Trunk Stability Push-up
Rotary Stability
What is the optimum performance pyramid?
Mobility ROM /flexibility Stability Neuromuscular control Testing FMS / Y balance test Functional Movement
Kinetic linking movements
gross movement not isolation
power production movements
Olympic lifts/plyometrics
testing
vertical leap/medicine ball toss
Who developed the FMS?
Gray Cook, PT, OCS, CSCS
What are the initial key principles of the FMS?
Optimum functional movement
Balance between mobility and stability
Tightness weakness
Example
Hamstring seemingly become tight when the core is too weak to control the pelvis
Targeting the tightness only will result in a short term gain at best
How do you score the FMS?
III Able to complete task
II Able to complete task with compensation
I Unable to complete the task
0 Pain during test (or clearing exam)
Max Score 21 points
Also looking for asymmetry
Initial low level research suggested scores <14 non desirable
How do you perform a deep squat?
Upper torso is parallel with tibia or toward vertical
Femur below horizontal
Knees are aligned over feet
Dowel aligned over feet
closed kinetic chain dorsiflexion of the ankles
flexion of the knees and hips
extension of the thoracic spine
flexion and abduction of the shoulders
Requires
mobility
ankle, knee, hip, thoracic spine, and shoulders
stability
core in symmetrical stance
How do you perform a hurdle step?
stance-leg
stability of the ankle, knee, and hip
closed-kinetic chain extension of the hip
step-leg
open-kinetic chain dorsiflexion of the ankle
flexion of the knee and hip
adequate balance-dynamic stability
Requires
stance-leg
stability of the ankle, knee, and hip
closed-kinetic chain extension of the hip
step-leg
open-kinetic chain dorsiflexion of the ankle
flexion of the knee and hip
Hips, knees and ankles remain aligned in the sagittal plane
Minimal to no movement is noted in lumbar spine
Dowel and hurdle remain parallel
How do you perform an in-line lunge?
Requires
stance leg
stability of the ankle, knee, and hip
apparent closed kinetic-chain hip abduction
step-leg
mobility of hip abduction
ankle dorsiflexion, and rectus femoris flexibility
adequate balance due to the lateral stress imposed
Requires
mobility
stance leg ankle, knee, and hip
kneeling leg thigh flexibility
stability
bilateral ankle, knee, hip
core stabilization to maintain balance in asymmetrical stance
How do you score an in-line lunge?
Dowel contacts remain with lumbar spine extension
No torso movement is noted
Dowel and feet remain in sagittal plane
Knee touches board behind heel of front foot
How do you perform shoulder mobility test?
shoulder mobility in a combination of motions including
abduction/external rotation, flexion/extension, and adduction/internal rotation
scapular and thoracic spine mobility.
How do you perform an active straight leg raise?(ASLR)
functional hamstring flexibility, which is the flexibility that is available during training and competition
(this is different from passive flexibility, which is more commonly assessed)
adequate hip mobility of the opposite leg
lower abdominal stability
wooden stick in line with middle of femur and tennis ball under contra leg - if heel behind stick - score 3 and if toe behind stick - score 2 - anything else 1 - if pain - 0
How do you perform a trunk stability push up?
Requires symmetric trunk stability in the sagittal plane during a symmetric upper extremity movement
(Many functional activities in sport require the trunk stabilizers to transfer force symmetrically from the upper extremities to the lower extremities and vice versa)
If the trunk does not have adequate stability during these activities, kinetic energy will be dispersed and lead to poor functional performance, as well as increased potential for micro traumatic injury
Males perform one repetition with thumbs aligned with top of forehead
Females perform one repetition with thumbs aligned with chin
How do you perform rotary stability?
Requires asymmetric trunk stability in both sagittal and transverse planes during asymmetric upper and lower extremity movement
Performs one correct unilateral repetition while keeping spine parallel to surface
Knee and elbow touch
Unilateral attempt first
If unable then elbow to opposite knee
