Gait Deviations Non-Prosthetic

Question 1

Foot Slap (2)

Answer 1

• Weak dorsiflexors
• Dorsiflexor paralysis

Question 2

Toe down instead of heel strike (6)

Answer 2

• Plantar flexor spasticity
• Plantar flexor contracture
• Weak dorsiflexors
• Dorsiflexor paralysis
• Leg length discrepancy
• Hindfoot pain

Question 3

Clawing of toes (2)

Answer 3

• Toe flexor spasticity
• Positive support reflex

Question 4

Heel lift during midstance (2)

Answer 4

• Insufficient dorsiflexion range
• Plantar flexor spasticity

Question 5

No toe off (4)

Answer 5

• Forefoot/toe pain
• Weak plantar flexors
• Weak toe flexors
• Insufficient plantar flexion range of motion

Question 6

Exaggerated knee flexion at contact (4)

Answer 6

• Weak quadriceps
• Quadricep paralysis
• Hamstring spasticity
• Insufficient extension ROM

Question 7

Hyperextension in stance (2)

Answer 7

• Compensation for weak quadriceps
• Plantar flexor contracture

Question 8

Exaggerated knee flexion at terminal stance (2)

Answer 8

• Knee flexion contracture
• Hip flexion contracture

Question 9

Insufficient flexion with swing (4)

Answer 9

• Knee effusion
• Quadriceps extension spasticity
• Plantar flexor spasticity
• Insufficient flexion ROM

Question 10

Excessive flexion with swing (2)

Answer 10

• Flexor withdrawl reflex
• Lower extremity flexor synergy

Question 11

Insufficient hip flexion at initial contact (4)

Answer 11

• Weak hip flexors
• Hip flexor paralysis
• Hip extensor spasticity
• Insufficient hip flexion ROM

Question 12

Insufficient hip extension at stance (3)

Answer 12

• Insufficient hip extension ROM
• Hip flexion contracture
• Lower extremity flexor synergy

Question 13

Circumduction during swing (3)

Answer 13

• Compensation for weak hip flexors
• Compensation for weak dorsiflexors
• Compensation for weak hamstrings

Question 14

Hip hiking during swing (3)

Answer 14

• Compensation for weak dorsiflexors
• Compensation for weak knee flexors
• Compensation for extensor synergy pattern

Question 15

Exaggerated hip flexion during swing (2)

Answer 15

• Lower extremity flexor synergy
• Compensation for insufficient ankle dorsiflexion