Gas Laws

Question 1

What are gasses composed of?

Answer 1

Mainly nonmetallic elements
Contain low molar mass

Question 2

Gas charachteristics

Answer 2

1) expand to fill containers
2) highly compressible
3) extremely low densities

Question 3

Average kinetic energy of gas molecules i only dependent on the ___________

Answer 3

Temperature

Question 4

R= gas constant
What is the value of R?

Answer 4

0.08206 Latm/ Kmol

Question 5

Boyle’s Law

Answer 5

pressure of gas is inversely related to its volume when temperature is constant

P1V1 = P2V2

(INC P= Dec V)

Question 6

Charle’s Law

Answer 6

temperature of gas is directly related to the volume

V1/T1 = V2/T2

Pressure and amount of gas are constant

(Inc T= Inc V)

Question 7

Gay-Lussac’s Law

Answer 7

pressure exerted by gas is directly related to temperature

P1/T1 = P2/T2

Volume and amount of gas are constant

(inc P= Inc T)

Question 8

Combined Gas Law uses ____, _____, ______ relationships from Boyle’s Law, Charle’s Law, and Gay Lussac’s law

Answer 8

pressure, volume, temperature

Question 9

Avogadro’s Law

Answer 9

volume of gas is directly related to the amount (number of moles) of the gas

V1/ n1 = V2/ n2

Temperature and pressure are constant

(inc v= Inc moles)

Question 10

Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP)

Answer 10

1 atm, 273 K

One mole of gas occupies 22.4L

Question 11

Dalton’s Law

Answer 11

Total pressure of a mixture equals the sum of the pressures that each would exert = mole fraction

Pt= P1+P2+P3

Question 12

Graham’s Law

Answer 12

Effusion- the escape of gas through tiny hole into evacuated space

Diffusion- the spread of one substance throughout a space or a second substance

Question 13

What does Graham’s Law relate?

Answer 13

Lower molar mass = faster rate of speed

Question 14

Henry’s Law

Answer 14

Solubility of a gas in a volume of liquid is directly proportional to their partial pressure of that gas in equilibrium with that one of a liquid

Ex: scuba diving (at inc pressure, nitrogen more soluble in blood)

(inc pressure= inc solubility)

Question 15

In the real world, the behavior of gases conforms to the ideal gas law at _________?

Answer 15

high temperature and low pressure

so real world uses= van der waals equation (just so you know)

Question 16

Fick’s Law

Answer 16

how fast a gas will diffuse across a membrane

Conditions: diffusion coefficient, surface area of membrane, membrane thickness

greater pressure outside then= greater rate of diffusion (think of transfer of gas particle in lungs)

Question 17

How do you convert from Celsius to Kelvin?

Answer 17

Celsius + 273.15 = Kelvin

Question 18

What is atm at sea level?

Answer 18

1 ATM

If you aint talking money i dont want to talk

Question 19

What is the the definition of pressure?

Answer 19

P= amount of force applied to an area

P= F/A

Question 20

How does pressure change when you go up in elevation? Down in elevation?

Answer 20

Decreases at high elevations

Inc in pressure (in ocean)

Question 21

How does higher elevation affect boiling point?

Answer 21

High elevations lead to lower atmospheric pressure, which lowers the boiling point (of water)

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