Gen.

Question 1

Doctrine of Def envisages the use of

Answer 1

1. Protective elements to provide EW and delay, deceive and disorganize en attks
2. Tps deploy on the FDL to repel the attacker
3. Reserves or “Tps deploy in depth” to eject or destroy the attacker by offensive
   action or attrition.

Question 2

Reasons for undertaking defense: [PPD GF LEE]

Answer 2

1. To protect the flanks of the fmns undertaking offensive ops elsewhere.
2. When pause is necessary during an offensive op to build up, reorg or regroup before resuming an offensive
3. To deny vital area of grnd to the en.
4. To gain time and reduce en’s offensive capabilities while own capability is built up
5. While forced by en’s action
6. To lure and trap the en in order to destroy it.
7. To ensure the territorial integrity and to prevent the en ingress.
8. To enable own offensive to be undertaken elsewhere.

Question 3

Defender wrest the initiative by :[Counter Exploiting SF]

Answer 3

1. C attacking en successes.
2. Exploiting en weakness by offn ops.
3. Selecting the battle area.
4. Forcing the en to react to his def plan.

Question 4

 Doctrine of Defense: [DACTUR]

Answer 4

1. Deny attacker decisive obj.
2. Avoid being fixed and getting destroyed and ultimately destroy the en.
3. Capitalizing on the skillful use of trn, firepower and offensive action to retain the initiative.
4. Tps deployed on FDL to repel the attacker.
5. Use of protective elements to provide EW.
6. Reserve, tps deployed in depth to eject or destroy the attacker by offensive action or attrition.

Question 5

 Process of Attrition:[DRLWD]

Answer 5

Forces adopting defense must always tr to cause maximum attrition and attempt to annihilate the attacker by a process designed to:-
1. Delay
2. Resist
3. Limit
4. Weaken
5. Destroy

Question 6

1. Delay

Answer 6

The process should start even before the forward most protective
elements are contacted. This is done by Air and long range wpns.

Question 7

2. Resist.

Answer 7

This should commence right from the time contact is made with
forward most elements and continue throughout the defensive battle.

Question 8

3. Limit.

Answer 8

At each stage of battle, the en’s success must be limited.
It can be done by:
(a) CP, tank hunting, stay behind parties
(b) Spoiling attk
(c) Raid on en HQ and gun areas
(d) DF in close
(e) Screen
(f) Spl msns( raid, ambush, tank hunting)

Question 9

4. Weaken

Answer 9

En combat power must be weakened by every possible means including obstacle system and fire of all weapons including air, DF SOS, counter penetration.

Question 10

5. Destroy.

Answer 10

Ultimately the defender must endeavor to destroy the en with local CA, well planned and executed CA and use of reserves.

Question 11

 Principle of War applied in Def:[MOCS]

Answer 11

1. Mobility.
2. Offensive action.
3. Concentration.
4. Surprise.

Question 12

(b) Offensive Action

Answer 12

Is reflected in:
(a) Domination of No man’s land
(b) Offensive application of fire power
(c) Emp of res.

Question 13

Wars are won primarily by offensive action however defensive ops may have to be under taken to ensure

Answer 13

1. Sy of own forces
2. Create a fav sit for subsequent offn ops
3. It is a temporary ph and is undertaken to inflict max cas on the en under unfavorable sit.
4. Causing max attrition and weakening the en’s will to fight.

Question 14

 Offensive in nature

Answer 14

1. Local CA
2. Spoiling attack
3. Activation of BOP covering troops and screens
4. Patrol including supporting arms
5. Close air support
6. Close arty sp
7. Activation of mine field obstacles OPs and LPs
8. Reinforcement and readjustment
9. Adaptation of mobile defense
10. Contingency planning
11. Raid ambushes and snipers

 Other activities
1. political negotiations and treaty- resist
2. Civil resistances- resist
3. Internationalizations- resist

Question 15

To carry out disorganization, cause max attrition and finally repel en attk, the defender must undertake following measures

Answer 15

1. Protective elements such as BOP, covering tps, screen and Ptls should be deployed to cause max attrition
2. Mine field such as tactical, defensive and protective minefield should be used to canalize the en and cause max attrition
3. Fire power should be coordinated to utilise full potential of wpn in grnd, arty, air support, armor, small arms.
4. CA and C Pen should be carried out by arranging the def and to limit the en’s penetration ratio by earmarked reserves and resources

Question 16

 Difference:[ABC LRC]

Answer 16

1. Aim
   Pd = Hold and deny imp grnd to the en at any costs.
   Mobile Defence = Destruction of en forces
2. Bulk of Forces
   Positional Defence= Committed to hold the grnd
   Mobile Defence = Committed for mobile reserve for CA and destruction of en
3. CA
   Positional Defence= launched to eject or destroy en which have penetrated into the def
   Mobile Defence = Launched after canalizing the attking force into a suit area
4. Loss of Ground
   Positional Defence= Not acceptable
   Mobile Defence = Initially acceptable
5. Reserve
   Positional Defence= Less
   Mobile Defence = Strong mobile reserve
6. Comns
   Positional Defence= Mostly line
   Mobile Defence = Radio

Question 17

 Salient Aspects of Mobile Defense:[CDC]

Answer 17

1. Control
2. Design of battle.
3. Conduct of Mobile Defensive battle.

Question 18

 Design of Battle:[SCD]

Answer 18

1. Surveillance
2. Containment
3. Destruction

Question 19

 Conduct of mobile defensive battle:[CD]

Answer 19

1. Checking and containment
2. Deliberate CA

Question 20

Diff betn Deliberate and Hasty def

Answer 20

1. Organized when not in contact with en or when contact is no imminent.
   Organized while in contact with en or when contact is imminent
2. Adequate time is avail for detailed recce and prep.
   Limited time is avail for detailed recce and prep.
3. Defs are organized on the grnd of own choosing.
   Choice of grnd for defs may be restricted by time and en
4. Def fully prepared and coordinated.
   Def may not be fully prepared and coordinated.
5. Defs are fully coordinated before and the defenders rely upon the ability of the forces deployed on grnd and the fire pwr avail.
   Coordination and prep of def is carried out upon a selected area of considerable depth within which en is defeated by fire and maneuvers.

Question 21

Factors affecting selection of forms of Def. [Political MAGNET]

Answer 21

1. Political consideration
2. Msn
3. Avail of resources
4. Grnd
5. Nuclear threat
6. En
7. Time

Question 22

Factors favoring Positional Def [GNDL SLR F]:

Answer 22

a. Good defensive trn.
b. Need to retain specific areas.
c. Defending force lack mobility or are semi mobile.
d. Lack of Depth in the defensive area.
e. Sufficient time is avail for prep and org of def.
f. Lack of adequate mobile reserves.
g. Restrictions imposed on mobility of the defending forces by trn.
h. Fav Air Sit cannot be assured.

Question 23

 Factors favoring Mobile defense: [DGNS STAFF]

Answer 23

a. Defender is as mobile as or more mobile than the attacker.
b. Ground and mission permit defense to be organized and fought in depth.
c. Nuclear threat.
d. Sufficient time is not available for preparation and organization of defense.
e. Strong mobile reserves for CA.
f. Traffic-ability of the ground permits mobile operations.
g. Attacker has considerable numerical superiority over the defender.
h. Favorable air situation.
i. Frontage assigned to the defender exceeds its capability to establish positional defense.

Question 24

 Control measures in defensive operation

Answer 24

1. Boundaries,
2. Handover line,
3. FEBA
4. FLOT
5. CP
6. No fire lane
7. Air space control
8. Sector
9. AA for res
10. Barrier restricted zone
11. Res Demolition
12. Cleared routes

Question 25

Basic considerations of Def. [SARDAR FM GEEDA CC]

Answer 25

1. Sy 2. All round defense 3. Reserves 4. Depth[PEDA G] 5. Aggressiveness: [WDC BEST] 6. Reliable signal comn 7. Frontage 8. Mutual Sp 9. Grnd 10. En 11. Electronic warfare plan 12. Domination of the grnd between opposing forces 13. AD 14. Coordinated Anti tank and obst plan 15. Coordinated fire plan.

Question 26

SY in Def An inherent disadv of the def is that the attker can choose the time and place of his attk. To offset this, the defender should

Answer 26

1. Watch every move that en makes. 2. Employ screens for providing sy to the defs. 3. Keep in contact with the en. 4. Disrupt en prep while himself remaining balanced. 5. Surprise the en by concealing the def layout. 6. Comn Sy. 7. Conceal def from aerial and grnd recce 8. Careful selection of def area 9. Control on move 10. Try to occupy Reverse Slope Posn 11. Apply deception method 12. By placing OP in right place to gain info 13. Dominate No Man's Land 16. Collect all possible int.

Question 27

Def must be organized in Depth with an aim to [PEDA G]

Answer 27

1. Providing a cushion to defenses covering Vital Grnd. 2. Enabling def localities sited in depth to act as Firm Bases, from which CA can be launched. 3. Denying the en grnd obsn and recce of the whole def posn. 4. Absorbing the heavy wt of attk against a defensive posn and breaking it by a process of attrition. 5. Giving cdrs, at all levels, the time to discover the en's intentions.

Question 28

Aggressiveness in Def :[WDC BEST]

Answer 28

1. Wrest the initiative from the en to inflict max casualties upon his forces. 2. Dominate the "No Man's Land". 3. CA. 4. Be prepared to take offensive action whenever the opportunity occurs. 5. Every cdr must instill aggressiveness spirit in his command. 6. Spoiling attk 7. Take offensive action by organizing ptls, Raids, tmTank hunting and Stay behind parties.

Question 29

Frontage depends on:[MRTN]

Answer 29

1. Msn 2. Resources avail 3. Trn 4. Nature of En threat

Question 30

 The attacker will be most vulnerable when he is

Answer 30

1. Advancing for attk 2. Advancing towards Obj. 3. Crossing the obstacle 4. Assaulting Def posn

Question 31

Fire plan is completed in Def when [4A ROC]

Answer 31

1. Arty fire plan is coordinated 2. Armor is coordinated 3. Air Sp is coordinated 4. Anti tk fire plan is coordinated 5. Reliable signal comns is established 6. Obstacle plan is coordinated 7. CA plan is rehearsed

Question 32

Obj of Harassing fire

Answer 32

1. To make en casualty 2. To lower morale 3. To disturb reserve 4. To disorg adm. 5. To prevent conc of men and means

Question 33

Action when part of VG/ GTI is captured

Answer 33

1. Readj 2. Re-site 3. Occupy contingency posn. 4. Collection of Info. 5. Prevent Pen 6. Prep to receive reinforcement 7. Prep to brief CA 8. Get max fire sp from Arty and Mor.

Question 34

 Protective elements[PRCS]:

Answer 34

1. Patrols 2. Re-organized BOP 3. Covering troops 4. Screens.

Question 35

Protective elements are deployed in order to:[GF CD]

Answer 35

1. Gain time for prep of defenses. 2. Furnish info about the en. 3. Counter Grnd Recce effort. 4. Delay, deceive and disrupt the en force.

Question 36

Patrol in Def: [GAP]

Answer 36

1. Gains info of en tps and development of ops. 2. Achieve moral superiority. 3. Prevent en from gaining own info.

Question 37

 Covering troops:

Answer 37

A force generally composed of all arms working ahead of the def. position to:{COP} 1. Cause attrition commensurate with their composition and task. 2. Observe, harass and delay the enemy's advance so that he is prevented from interfering with our defensive preparation. 3. Provide early warning of the approach and strength of the enemy.

Question 38

Patrolling policy on the Div front will be laid down by Div Cdr. Some of the points to be included are: [2(CP)NPGAS]

Answer 38

1. Composn and str of ptls must be commensurate with their task. 2. Comns between ptls and parent units. 3. Patrolling of gaps between units/fmns. 4. Patrolling of obstacles and mine fields. 5. No. of tps that can be out for patrolling at any one time. 6. Provision of Arty Sp. 7. Guarding of flanks. Str and location of PPs and responsibility of providing these should be mentioned. 8. Areas and approaches to be patrolled. 9. Spl msn ptls for carrying out raids and ambushes.

Question 39

Mine Field Policy [P5 DAGG]

Answer 39

The Div cdr on the advice of his Anti tank and Engr advisers will lay down the minefield policy which includes: 1. Purpose of the minefield 2. Priorities of various minefields 3. Policy for marking and concealment of mine fields. 4. Policies for laying dummy mine fields. 5. Gen Policy on the use of AP mines and anti-lifting devices, booby traps. 6. Density of mine fields. 7. Allocation of effort between minefields and other engr tasks. 8. Gen Areas of grnd in which minefields are to be sited. 9. Gaps to be left.

Question 40

 Patrols and Raids

Answer 40

1. If the resources are insufficient or the grnd is unsuitable for the deployment of the covering tps and screens, strong ptls based on Inf must be provided

Question 41

Whether Def loc is organized or sited for All Round Def depends on:[DRT3]

Answer 41

1. Direction of En threat 2. Resources avail 3. Task allotted 4. Trn 5. Tactics of En