Gender

Question 1

Semantic Derogation

Answer 1

• Negative connotations attached to some lexical items
• Research found that in lexical pairs the male term suggests positive attributes and the female term suggests a negative on (e.g master and mistress)

Question 2

Marked Expression

Answer 2

• The ‘normal term’ is unmarked (goes unnoticed)
• the term seen as different is referred to as a marked expression

Question 3

Overt marking

Answer 3

• Refers to when we modify words to create marked versions
• e.g adding a suffix, waiter and waitress

Question 4

Deficit Approach

Answer 4

Men’s language is better than women’s
Women’s language was viewed as less important

Question 5

Dominance approach

Answer 5

Views women as an oppressed group
Analyses language in terms of men’s dominance and women’s subordination

Question 6

Difference approach

Answer 6

Differences between men and women’s language
They have different cultures and experiences that affect their language
Women’s lang studied outside of men’s

Question 7

Dynamic/discursive approach

Answer 7

Differences in men and women’s language is always changing
Used now
‘Gender is something we are it’s something we do’