GENE MUTATIONS

Question 1

Gene mutations

Answer 1

change in base sequence of dna or chromosomes.

Question 2

types of gene mutations

Answer 2

base deletion, base insertion and base substitution

Question 3

base deletion

Answer 3

when one or more base is removed from the dna sequence.
- it changes the triplet sequence from the point of mutation
- causes a frameshift.

Question 4

base insertion

Answer 4

• when one or more bases is added to the dna sequence.
• it changes the triplet sequence from the point of mutation
• causes a frameshift

Question 5

base replication

Answer 5

• when there is replacement of a base by a different base in dna sequence.
• changes in one base - changes only one triplet - no frameshift

Question 6

important point

Answer 6

due to the degenerate nature of the genetic code, a new triplet can still encode for the same amino acid.

Question 7

can mutation result in formation of non functional enzymes or proteins?

Answer 7

yes

Question 8

how can mutation result in formation of protein ?

Answer 8

• gene mutations = change in base sequence of dna.
• change in amino acid sequence ( specially base insertion and base deletion)
• changes in the specific position of hydrogen / ionic and disulfide bridges.
• changes the tertiary structure of protein - active site for enzymes.
• enzymes are no longer complementary to substrates - enzyme substrate complex cannot form.