Physical properties of ionic compounds (4)
- solids with high mp and bp
- usually soluble in water, insoluble in organic solvents
- good conductors of electricity in molten/aq state but not in solid
- hard and brittle
Insoluble ionic compounds
Lead (II) chloride
Silver chloride
Organic solvents (3)
- carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)
- hexane (C6H14)
- ethanol (C2H5OH)
Strength definition
Ability to carry weights
Brittleness definition
Breaking when hit by a hammer
Physical properties of covalent compounds (3)
- low mp and bp, usually gases or liquids at rt
- do not conduct electricity
- insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents
Dimer definition
2 molecules joined together
Properties of metals (6)
- high mp& bp
- conducts electricity in solid and molten state
- good conductor of heat
- hard (can vary)
- malleable and ductile
- generally insoluble in all solvents
Substances with giant molecular structure
- diamond
- graphite
- siliocn
- silicon dioxide
- group 14 elements
Exception to group 14 elements with giant molecular structure
Diamond and graogite
Alltrope definition
Diff forms of same element with different striuctures
Appearance of diamond
Colourless, transparent crystal
Hardness of diamond
Hardest natural substance
Density of diamond
3.5g/cm^3
Electrical conductivity of diamond
No
Melting pt of diamond
3730 degree celcisus
Appearance of graphite
black shiny solid
Hardness of graphite
Soft and slippery
Denisty of graphite
2.2g/cm^3
Electrical conductivity of graphite
Conducts across layers in one direction
Melting pt of graphite
3550 degrees celsius
Define electronegativity
Ability of an atom to attract towards itself the electrons in chemical bonds
