Generating Diversity I

Question 1

What is a gene?

Answer 1

a region of DNA containing the code for a protein or one of its parts

Question 2

What does “degeneracy in the genetic code” mean?

Answer 2

synonyms in the codons mean one amino acid has multiple codons

Question 3

What is transcription?

Answer 3

info in DNA made into an RNA copy, then RNA polymerase uses one DNA strand as the template to make a polypeptide mRNA

Question 4

What is translation?

Answer 4

uses info from RNA to create polypeptides from amino acids using ribosomes (creates chain of amino acids)

Question 5

What are the 5 steps for DNA sequencing?

Answer 5

1. DNA purification
2. DNA fragmentation
3. Amplification of fragments
4. Sequencing each fragment
5. Assembling fragment sequences into genome sequences

Question 6

What is the Sanger method?

Answer 6

it is based on deoxyribonucleotides

Question 7

What is the Illumina/Solexa method?

Answer 7

allows up to 1 billion DNA fragments to be sequenced simultaneously