Genetic Engineering

Question 1

What is meant by ‘Genetic Engineering’?

Answer 1

The artificial transfer of genetic information from one cell of one species to one cell of another species

Question 2

What are the stages of Genetic Engineering?

Answer 2

1. Gene is located on the human source chromosome
2. Gene is removed from chromosome using enzyme
3. Plasmid removed from bacterial cell using enzyme
4. Gene is inserted into plasmid and sealed using enzyme
5. Modified plasmid is inserted back into host bacterial cell to created GM organism
6. Bacterial cells divide and produce product which can be extracted and purified in large

Question 3

Give examples of uses of Genetic Engineering:

Answer 3

-Used to created insulin as medicine for people who are diagnosed with diabetes

-Used to create venomous cabbages which prevent use of chemical pesticides sprayed on crops

-Factor VII for the treatment oh haemophilia

-Growth hormone

-Vitamin A in genetically engineered rice

Question 4

Advantages of genetic engineering:

Answer 4

-Increased rate of production
-Lower cost of production
-Large volume able to be produced