Genetic Engineering

Question 1

Genetic Engineering

Answer 1

The artificial manipulation or alteration of genes

Question 2

What is the process of genetic engineering

Answer 2

1. Isolation
2. Cutting
3. Ligation and Transformation
4. Introduction of base sequence changes
5. Express

Question 3

1. Isolation

Answer 3

The target gene is located, identified and removed

Question 4

2. Cutting

Answer 4

The Human and Bacterial DNA is cut using “restriction enzyme”

Question 5

3. Ligation and Transformation

Answer 5

•Ligation is the joining of the target gene to the plasmid DNA using the enzyme DNA ligase
•Transformation is the uptake of the new recombinant DNA into the bacterial cell

Question 6

4. Introduction of base sequence changes

Answer 6

The order of bases in the host DNA is changed as it contains the donor gene

Question 7

5. Expression

Answer 7

The bacterial that successfully transformed the recombinant DNA will multiply, producing many bacterial clones

Question 8

Application of Genetic Engineering in Plants

Answer 8

Many plants contain bacterial genes which make the plants resistant to certain weedkillers

Question 9

Application of Genetic Engineering in Animals

Answer 9

A human gene has been inserted into a sheep’s zygote to allow the sheep to produce a chemical needed for clotting

Question 10

Application of Genetic Engineering in Bacteria

Answer 10

Insulin has been inserted into bacteria to produce insulin for diabetics