Genetic Engineering

Question 1

Define hereditary

Answer 1

The passing of traits from parenting to offspring

Question 2

Define genetics

Answer 2

Study of hereditary and the variations in organisms

Question 3

Discontinuous variation

Answer 3

Describe by characteristics that can be one of a limited number of options

Question 4

Describe continuous variation

Answer 4

Characteristics that can change over a range of value and are affected by environmental and inherited characteristics

Question 5

What do genes contain?

Answer 5

Information for the production of proteins and functional RNA molecules

Question 6

What are proteins responsible for?

Answer 6

Physical expression of genes as phenotypic characteristics or trades

Question 7

Define gene

Answer 7

Section of DNA that controls a hereditary characteristic

Question 8

What is the position of a gene on a chromosome called?

Answer 8

Locus

Question 9

Alleles

Answer 9

Different forms or version of the same gene

Question 10

Phenotype

Answer 10

Physical appearance of the trade

Question 11

Genotype

Answer 11

Combination of jeans for a trade

Question 12

Homozygous

Answer 12

When an individual has two copies of the same allele of a gene on a pair of chromosomes

Question 13

Heterozygous

Answer 13

When an individual has two different alleles of a gene on a pair of chromosomes

Question 14

True breeding

Answer 14

Organisms that produce offspring with the same traits

Question 15

Hybrid

Answer 15

The offspring of parents with different traits

Question 16

Moon hybrid Crossing

Answer 16

Crossing between two individuals focusing on a single characteristic or trait

Question 17

Define polygenic trait

Answer 17

Controlled by two more genes are different on different chromosomes

Question 18

44 chromosomes

Answer 18

Autosomes

Question 19

XY

Answer 19

Sex chromosomes / gonsomes

Question 20

Why are these genes seem to be linked?

Answer 20

The fact that they are present in one of these six chromosomes

Question 21

How can a girl be colourblind?

Answer 21

She must inherit the colourblind gene from each parent

Question 22

What is a pedigree chart?

Answer 22

A tool used to show all the known phenotypes of an organism and its ancestors

Question 23

What is a mutation?

Answer 23

A change in DNA sequence

Question 24

What are the two types of D mutations?

Answer 24

1. Point mutation
2. Chromosome mutation

Question 25

What determines whether a mutation is inherited?

Answer 25

The location of the mutation

Question 26

Describe the location of the mutation

Answer 26

1. Somatic cells equals not inherited 2. Gametes - maybe inherited

Question 27

What are neutral or silent mutations?

Answer 27

Neither harmful or beneficial

Question 28

Define genetic engineering

Answer 28

Changing the DNA in the living organisms to create something new

Question 29

What are genetic you modified organisms now called?

Answer 29

Transgenic organisms

Question 30

Define selective reading

Answer 30

Process used to produce different breeds of animals or variety of plants that have useful characteristics

Question 31

Define reproductive cloning

Answer 31

Production of an individual which is genetically identical to one from which it was produced by using a somatic cell