Genetics

Question 1

what is genetics

Answer 1

studies how genetic info about traits is passed from generation to generation

Question 2

what is inheritance in sexually reproducing organisms

Answer 2

the inheritance of traits determines genetic variation among offsprings

Question 3

why is genetic variation required

Answer 3

for evolution

Question 4

what makes organisms unique

Answer 4

the order of the nitrogenous bases in DNA

Question 5

structure of DNA

Answer 5

double helix

Question 6

what are chromosomes

Answer 6

• coiled DNA inside the nucleus of a cell

Question 7

what does DNA stand for

Answer 7

deoxyribonucleic acid which are huge molecules

Question 8

what does each chromosome carry

Answer 8

the genetic info for a specific set of traits in genes

Question 9

what is a gene

Answer 9

• a short segment of DNA controls the expression of a trait
• has instructions to make one protein

Question 10

proteins

Answer 10

• form from all cell structures and enzymes
• many hormones are proteins
• are critical for transporting materials across membranes

Question 11

what are somatic cells

Answer 11

• body cells
• diploid chromosomes

Question 12

how many pairs of chromosomes do humans have

Answer 12

-23 pairs
- 46 chromosomes

Question 13

how are sex cells produced

Answer 13

• meiosis