Genetics

Question 1

Define: Gene

Answer 1

The factor that determines a hereditary characteristic; part of a chromosome

Question 2

Define: Allele

Answer 2

The alternative forms of a gene that occur at a given point in a chromosome

Question 3

Define: Dominant

Answer 3

One of a pair of contrasting characteristics, which is controlled by an allele that is not masked by other alleles

Question 4

Define: Recessive

Answer 4

One of a pair of contrasting characteristics, which is controlled by an allele that is maked by dominant alleles

Question 5

Define: Codominant

Answer 5

When contrasting alleles both affect the appearance of an individual and neither is dominant over the other

Question 6

Define: Autosomal

Answer 6

A non-sex chromosome (a gene located on a non-sex chromosome)

Question 7

Define: Sex-linked

Answer 7

A characteristic determined by genes carried on the X chromosome

Question 8

Define: Homozygous

Answer 8

Possessing the same alleles for a given characteristic

Question 9

Define: Heterozygous

Answer 9

Possessing different alleles for a given characteristic

Question 10

Define: Genotype

Answer 10

The genetic constitution of an individual

Question 11

Define: Phenotype

Answer 11

The appearance of an individual as determined by their genetic constitution

Question 12

Define: Carrier

Answer 12

An individual who carries a recessive allele that is not expressed in their appearance

Question 13

Define: Pedigree

Answer 13

A family tree

Question 14

What change is most likely to result in a mutation in an offspring