GENETICS PRINCIPLE

Question 1

Study of inheritance or the transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring

Answer 1

GENETICS

Question 2

A group of related red cell antigens which is similar in terms of biochemical structure, location in RBC, serologic properties and genetic control of antigen expression

Answer 2

BLOOD GROUP SYSTEMS

Question 3

How many blood group system are now present in Immunohematology?

Answer 3

45 Blood Group System

Question 4

Basic unit of inheritance

Answer 4

GENES

Question 5

Linear structure within the nucleus that contains DNA

Answer 5

CHROMOSOMES

Question 6

What are the 2 types of Chromosomes?

Answer 6

Somatic/Autosome- 22 pairs 44 chromosomes
Sex Chromosomes- 1 pair, XX and XY, 23 pairs 46 chromosomes

Question 7

Father of Genetics

Answer 7

Gregor Mendel

Question 8

Actual set of genes inherited from parents/actual genetic makeup of an individual

Answer 8

GENOTYPE

Question 9

Physical or observable expressionof inherited genes

Answer 9

PHENOTYPE

Question 10

it is used to calculate the frequency of the resulting genotypes and phenotypes among the offspring of the cross

Answer 10

PUNETT SQUARE

Question 11

One or two more genes that express a given trait

Answer 11

ALLELES

Question 12

Location of gene of Alleles

Answer 12

Locus

Question 13

Term used to refer to the opposite gene

Answer 13

ANTITHETICAL

Question 14

Genetic system that expresses multiple products
ex. MHC Genes

Answer 14

POLYMORPHIC GENE

Question 15

Gene whose product is always expressed

Answer 15

DOMINANT GENE

Question 16

Gene whose product is always expressed when inherited in a homozygous way

Answer 16

RECESSIVE GENE

Question 17

Genes whose products are BOTH expressed

Answer 17

CODOMINANT GENES

Question 18

Both genes for a given trait are the same

Answer 18

HOMOZYGOUS GENES

Question 19

Genes for a given trait are different

Answer 19

HETEROZYGOUS GENES

Question 20

Dosage effect which produces antigens that are expressed by homozygous genes

Answer 20

STRONGER AGGLUTINATION

Question 21

Dosage effect which produces antigens that are expressed by heterozygous genes

Answer 21

WEAKER REACTIONS
ex. KIDD, DUFFY, RH, MNSs Blood Group System

Question 22

It is used to refer when 2 Genes are on the same side of the Chromosome

Answer 22

CIS

Question 23

It is used to refer when 2 Genes are on the different side of the Chromosome

Answer 23

TRANS

Question 24

2 Genes in the Chromosome are very close to each other

Answer 24

LINKED GENES

Question 25

Linked set of Genes that are inherited and expressed together

Answer 25

HAPLOTYPE

Question 26

Product of the gene will always be expressed

Answer 26

AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT

Question 27

Product of the gene will only expressed if homozygous

Answer 27

AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE

Question 28

Father to daughter transmission of trait

Answer 28

SEX-LINKED DOMINANT

Question 29

Mother to son transmission of trait

Answer 29

SEX-LINKED RECESSIVE

Question 30

Equal expression of inherited alleles/genes

Answer 30

CODOMINANT

Question 31

All the members of a family that carry the allele show the physical characteristic.

Answer 31

Autosomal Dominant Inheritance

Question 32

A recessive trait that is carried by either parent or both parents but is not generally seen at the phenotypic level unless both parents carry the trait

Answer 32

Autosomal Recessive inheritance

Question 33

If the father carries the trait on his X chromosome, he has no sons with the trait, but all his daughters will have the trait. Women can be either homozygous or heterozygous for an X- linked trait.

Answer 33

X-linked Dominant Inheritance

Question 34

The father always expresses the trait but never passes it on to his sons. • The father always passes the trait to all his daughters, who are then carriers of the trait. • With an X-linked recessive trait, a disease-carrying gene can be passed from generation to generation with many individuals not affected.

Answer 34

X-linked Recessive Inheritance

Question 35

The father always expresses the trait but never passes it on to his sons. • The father always passes the trait to all his daughters, who are then carriers of the trait. • With an X-linked recessive trait, a disease-carrying gene can be passed from generation to generation with many individuals not affected.

Answer 35

X-linked Recessive Inheritance

Question 36

Phenotypesthatlacktheexpressionoftheredcell antigens of a particular blood group systems.

Answer 36

NULL PHENOTYPES

Question 37

Gene that expresses no product

Answer 37

Silent/Amorphic gene

Question 38

Gene that inhibits the expression of another gene

Answer 38

Regulator/Suppressor gene