Genome Projects (Unit 8.3)

Question 1

What is the genome

Answer 1

The complete set of genes in a cell

Question 2

What is the proteome

Answer 2

The full range of proteins that a cell can produce

Question 3

What is genome sequencing

Answer 3

Identifying the DNA base sequence of an organisms genome

Question 4

Why is genome sequencing important

Answer 4

Important so amino acid sequences of proteins that derive from an organisms genetic code can be determined

Question 5

How does determining the genome of a pathogen allow vaccines to be developed

Answer 5

Could identify the pathogens proteome
So could identify potential antigens to use in the vaccine

Question 6

What are some applications of genome sequencing

Answer 6

Identification of genes associated with genetic diseases (allow new targeted drugs/gene therapy to be developed or screen patients allowing early prevention)
Identification of species and evolutionary relationships

Question 7

Why can the genome not be directly translated into proteome in complex organisms

Answer 7

Presence of non coding DNA
Presence of regulatory genes

Question 8

How are sequencing methods changing

Answer 8

Have become automated (faster, cost effective and on a larger scale)
Are continuously updated