Geography 🌍 || Every Theme 1 Case Study ▪ ||

Question 1

Why is a lot of Australia underpopulated?

Answer 1

It doesn’t have enough people to make use of its resources - one reason is that:
Due to the climate of the very hot and dry Australian outback, nobody lives there.

Question 2

What is the temperature range of Australia?

Answer 2

36-39 degrees C

Question 3

How did Australia’s population change from 1996-2006?

Answer 3

It declined by 3.7%

Question 4

What are the problems caused by Australian underpopulation?

Answer 4

• Low job oppourtunities
• Poor transport links

Question 5

What figure can prove that Nigeria is overpopulated?

Answer 5

It occupies only 3% of Africa but houses 15% of the people.

Question 6

What is Nigeria’s climate like?

Answer 6

• Variable rainy and dry seasons
• Hot and wet most of the year in the south
• Long inland dry season
• Range of environments, with tropical rainforests in the south and semi arid desert in the north.

Question 7

What power struggles has Nigeria faced?

Answer 7

After British independence:

Power struggles resulted in a civil war between 1967-1970. Its only since 1999 that Nigeria has had a stable government.

Question 8

What are some city specific problems in Nigeria?

Answer 8

• Lack of Housing in Kano
• High crime rate in Jos
• Pollution of air and water in Port Harcourt
• Shortage of food in Yola
• Not enough healthcare and schools in Ibadan
• Congested roads in Lagos

Question 9

How is Nigeria’s overall and North fertility rate?

Answer 9

The average children per woman is 5.5. At the conservative Muslim North it is 8 children!

Question 10

What draws people to Lagos?

Answer 10

• Compared to the rest of Africa, there is far more healthcare
• In rural areas of Nigeria, 40% don’t attend primary school whereas in Lagos, 68% of the population have a secondary education.
• Thriving film industry (Nollywood)

Question 11

Why did China become overpopulated after 1960?

Answer 11

• Social/cultural desire to have a son
• Economical bonus: men could work in the field
• Politics: stronger China against America
• Flood 1959-1962: 20 million died

Question 12

When was the one child policy implemented?

Answer 12

1979

Question 13

What is the one child policy?

Answer 13

The policy in China that stated that couples in China could only have one child.

Question 14

What was the consequence of breaking the one child policy?

Answer 14

You would be fined for having more children, and giving them a good education and job opportunities was harder.

Question 15

How did the once child policy lead to gender imbalance?

Answer 15

• People would abort girls until they had a boy
• Baby girls were placed in orphanages

Question 16

What was the exception to the once child policy?

Answer 16

• Chinese people in rural areas were allowed to have more children
• Ethnic minorities
• People who’s first child was a girl (later on this was introduced)

Question 17

What were the negative effects of the one child policy?

Answer 17

• Elderly dependent population
• 50 million missing women

Question 18

How many abortions were made due to the one child policy?

Answer 18

300 million.

Question 19

How did the once child policy affect fertility rate?

Answer 19

It decreased from 5.8 to 1.7

Question 20

What percent of illegal immigrants to the US were from mexico in 2007?

Answer 20

52%

Question 21

What is the path from Mexico to the USA?

Answer 21

Through the Arizonan or Sonoran deserts, in which they die of thirst of the extreme temperature

Question 22

What are the push factors from Mexico?

Answer 22

• Poor medical facilities (1800 people per doctor)
• A lower life expectancy (75 years)
• Low pay jobs (GNP $3750)

Question 23

What are the pull factors to the USA?

Answer 23

• Excellent medical facilities (400 people per doctor)
• Higher life expectancy (78 years)
• Well paid jobs (GNP $25000)

Question 24

What are the negative impacts of migration on the USA?

Answer 24

• Costs millions on border patrols
• Mexican workers keep wages low
• Remittances sent back to Mexico is money lost from the Economy.

Question 25

What are the positive impacts of migration of the USA?

Answer 25

* Costs millions on border patrols * Mexican workers keep wages low * Remittances sent back to Mexico is money lost from the Economy.

Question 26

What are the negative impacts of migration on Mexico?

Answer 26

* Demand to enter the US encourages Coyotes, criminal organizations that profit. * Young migrate, villages like Santa Ines lose 2/3 of inhabitants. * Hundreds die from heat of Arizona desert.

Question 27

What are the positive impacts of migration on Mexico?

Answer 27

* Benefits the US economy, migrants work at lower wages * Mexican culture has enriched the US border with things * Educated high skill Mexicans migrate to the US and bring expertise.

Question 28

What is a Sri Lankan conurbation?

Answer 28

Colombo

Question 29

What is a Sri Lankan city?

Answer 29

Morotuwa

Question 30

What is a Sri Lankan large town?

Answer 30

Beruwala

Question 31

What is a Sri Lankan small town?

Answer 31

Hatton

Question 32

Which Sri Lankan cities have a large sphere of influence?

Answer 32

Jaffna, Kandy, Galle, Colombo

Question 33

What services attract people to Colombo?

Answer 33

* Commercial services like one galle face provide specialist services * Tourism is found in hotels and restaurants * Pettah has many medium order services, as it is near the port.

Question 34

What is Singapore's fertility rate?

Answer 34

1.1

Question 35

What percent of Singapore's population is foreign nationals?

Answer 35

36%

Question 36

What strategies is Singapore's government taking to increase population?

Answer 36

* Encouraging immigration to increase the population. * It has increased maternity leave by 50% to 12 weeks and it will cover the cost of maternity leave (the cost to the parents employers) for the first four babies. * Increasing child benefits paid to families. The government will pay money into a special bank account of up to nearly $1000 for six years. * The Singapore government has also sponsored dating organizations to encourage people to get married earlier and start having children.

Question 37

What is the authority in Mumbai that attempts to develop better housing for people in slums?

Answer 37

Mumbai’s Slum Rehabilitation Authority

Question 38

What is the largest slum in Mumbai?

Answer 38

Dharavi

Question 39

What percent of households in a Mumbai slum have less access to clean water than the minimum recommended by the WHO?

Answer 39

95%

Question 40

What issues is Mumbai dealing with for waste?

Answer 40

The waste, both waste produced by humans and industrial, is increasing, and dealing with it is difficult and expensive.

Question 41

Why is there high pollution in Mumbai?

Answer 41

* Lack of sanitation system leads to streams and rivers used as disposal * Unregulated industry leads to air pollution

Question 42

How is unemployment and crime in Dharavi?

Answer 42

Virtually none! There is high employment and low crime.

Question 43

How many people per square mile are in Dharavi?

Answer 43

1 million

Question 44

How many illegal factories are in Dharavi?

Answer 44

15,000

Question 45

How much money do illegal Dharavi factories make yearly?

Answer 45

1 Billion Dollars

Question 46

Where is Mumbai found?

Answer 46

On the northwest coast of India

Question 47

What makes Mumbai important to India?

Answer 47

- It is an important port city - It operates as the commercial capital of India - It is the home of Bollywood

Question 48

What are the pull factors to Mumbai?

Answer 48

- Financial capital - Head offices of major companies - Bollywood and RV satellite networks - Several TNCs

Question 49

How much was the population of Mumbai in 1971?

Answer 49

8 million

Question 50

What is Mumbai's population now?

Answer 50

21 million

Question 51

How has suburbanisation occured in Mumbai?

Answer 51

Initially there was expansion in the northwards direction along major transport routes. Now there is suburbanisation in an eastward direction.

Question 52

What are three places in Mumbai that, despite being planned as individual towns, ened up as suburbs?

Answer 52

Thane, Vashi, and Belapur

Question 53

What is Italy's population?

Answer 53

59 million

Question 54

What % of Italy's population is aged over 65?

Answer 54

24.1%

Question 55

What is Italy's fertility rate?

Answer 55

1.2 children per woman

Question 56

Why does Italy have such low population growth?

Answer 56

People are living longer because they have had more wealth than ever before, more varied and reliable diets, medical care has improved and medicines have become more advanced.

Question 57

What is a dying villagee in Italy?

Answer 57

Vastogirardi

Question 58

What is the ratio of funerals : weddings in Italy?

Answer 58

**3:1**

Question 59

Why is there a pressure in Italy to increase retirment age?

Answer 59

The cost of pensions is increasing, which in unfeasable.