Which are normal effects of aging?
- Slow information retrieval
- Ascribe Debilitating Arthritis
- Tremors
- Dementia to old age
Slow information retrieval
most lab normal ranges only include data on those up to ____yo
70
Anatomical Pulm changes
- decr resp muscle strength
- stiffer chest -> decr compliance
- Diminished ciliary and marophage activity
- Decr cough reflex (shit stays in lungs more)
Pulm parameters to assess
- Respiratory rate and rhythm, volume, depth
- Exercise capacity
- Inspect thorax for symmetry, expansion
- Pulse oximetry
Anatomical Renal system changes
- Decrease in kidney mass
- Reduced bladder capacity (reduced elasticity and muscle tone).
- Males: Prostate enlargement
Parameters to assess for Renal system
- Renal function
- Fluid e- and acid/base imbalances
- Nocturnal polyuria, BPH, UTIs
- Fall risk at night if polyuria (doing a maze in the dark)
Orophangeal and GI system changes
- Decr muscle strength in muscles of chewing/swallowing
- Atrophy of protective mucosa
Parameters to asses (Oropharyngeal and GI system)
- Assess abdomen and bowel sounds
Assess oral cavity, dysphagia
Monitor weight, calculate BMI, determine dietary intake
Assess for GERD, fecal incontinence, obstipation
or impaction (digital exam)
Msk changes with aging
- Sarcopenia (decrease in muscle mass)
Lean body mass decreases with fat replacement and re-distribution
Bone loss (after age of 30-35)
Decreased ligament and tendon strength Intervertebral disc degeneration, cartilage loss
Parameters to check for Msk system
Muscle strength and atrophy DEXA or other bone densitometry
Nervous System anatomical changes in aging
- Decrease in number of neurons
(↓ neurotransmitters) - Modification and loss of cerebral dendrites, glial cells and synapses.
Periodic reassessment with neuro exam
Cognitive assessment tools
Skin changes
- Decreased thickness (histologically get flattening of the dermoepidermal junction).
- Decreased number of melanocytes.
- Decreased Langerhams cell numbers.
- Decreased thickness (histologically get flattening of the dermoepidermal junction).
- Decreased number of melanocytes.
- Decreased Langerhams cell numbers.
What are some tools you can use to assess geriatrics?
What is a CGA?
Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment
What tests may be done in a CGA?
A geriatric pt is considerd frail if their MBI is < ____
50
What is medication burden?
idea that as you incr # of prescriptions, you also decr life expectancy (decr months before death)
Routine labs unique to geriatrics
Vit ____ deficiency may incr risk of falls
D
Deficienc is Vit D levels <50nmol/L
Refer to the _____ Scale to determine if a geriatric pt is capable of living independently after a stroke
Barthel Scale
Takes into consideration: ability of time to perform a task, environmental set up, etc.
Barthel Scale
The _____ the number, the greater the ability to live at home independently after a stroke.
Higher or lower?
HIGHER
ADLs
- Bathing
- Ambulation
- Toileting
- Transfering
- Eating
- Dressing
ADLs vs IADLs
IADLs = Instrumental
_______ IADL Scale
(someones last name)
Lawton
just know there’s a scale
