GI

Question 1

Treatment for ascending cholangitis

Answer 1

ERCP (to remove obstruction from bile duct)

Question 2

how is splenomegaly detected on examination

Answer 2

left upper quadrant mass

Question 3

what is charcot’s triad (3)

Answer 3

fever
Right upper quadrant pain
Jaundice

Question 4

deficiency of what can cause emphysema and chronic liver disease

Answer 4

alpha 1 antryspin deficiency

Question 5

Where is B12 absorbed

Answer 5

ileum

Question 6

Is vitamin K water or fat soluble

Answer 6

fat soluble

Question 7

how to investigate pancreatic cancer

Answer 7

endoscopic ultrasound

Question 8

what investigations is useful on diagnosing most lower GI conditions

Answer 8

colonoscopy

Question 9

What can be a contraindication for liver biopsy

Answer 9

high INR

Question 10

how to confirm diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis

Answer 10

liver biopsy

Question 11

what cardio medication can increase reflux

Answer 11

calcium channel blockers (relaxes lower oesophageal sphincter)

Question 12

Gastric or colorectal Adenocarcinoma can be associated with what dermatology presentation

Answer 12

sudden eruption of many seborrheic keratoses

Question 13

Investigations for H.pylori infection (3)

Answer 13

stool antigen test
Urea breath test
Serology

Question 14

electrolyte abnormalities associated with re-feeding syndrome

Answer 14

low phosphate
Low magnesium
Low potassium
Hyperglycaemia

Question 15

Dyspepsia that does not improve with lifestyle changes or antacid use suggests what

Answer 15

H.pylori infection

Question 16

What can TIPPS increase risk of

Answer 16

hepatic encephalopathy

Question 17

Charcot’s triad is associated with what pathology

Answer 17

ascending cholangitis

Question 18

Is B12 water soluble or fat soluble

Answer 18

water soluble

Question 19

What marker can be used to monitor hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis

Answer 19

alpha Feto-protein (a tumour marker)

Question 20

Which autoimmune disease is associated with destruction of bile ducts

Answer 20

primary sclerosing cholangitis

Question 21

What does biopsy show in cases of primary sclerosing cholangitis

Answer 21

onion skinning fibrosis

Question 22

What type of drug is used to treat autoimmune hepatitis

Answer 22

steroids

Question 23

what antibodies is autoimmune hepatitis associated with (2)

Answer 23

anti smooth muscle antibodies
Anti nuclear antibodies

Question 24

A patient presents with jaundice, fatigue, weight loss, anti smooth muscle antibodies, and antinuclear antibodies

Answer 24

Autoimmune hepatitis

Question 25

Rose coloured maculae are a sign of what infection

Answer 25

salmonella

Question 26

Raised anti-endomysial antibodies are associated with what condition

Answer 26

coeliac disease (also associated with anti-TTG)

Question 27

anti smooth muscle and anti nuclear antibodies are associated with what condition

Answer 27

autoimmune hepatitis

Question 28

Which infection is associated with bad-smelling greasy stools and gas

Answer 28

giardiasis

Question 29

Which autoimmune condition presents with an itch

Answer 29

primary biliary cholangitis

Question 30

What antibody is primary biliary cholangitis associated with

Answer 30

anti-mitochondrial antibodies

Question 31

toxic mega colon is a complication of what

Answer 31

ulcerative colitis

Question 32

investigation for toxic megacolon

Answer 32

abdominal x-ray

Question 33

What condition is associated with high IgM levels and positive anti-mitochondrial antibodies

Answer 33

primary biliary cholangitis

Question 34

What condition is H.pylori associated with

Answer 34

MALT lymphoma

Question 35

what are skip lesions

Answer 35

found in Crohn’s disease Non-caseating granulomas in areas of transmural inflammation

Question 36

What is first line treatment for MALT lymphoma usually

Answer 36

eradication of H.pylori (if associated with this infection)

Question 37

Patient presents with oral ulcers Red patches on skins Weight loss Abdominal pain Diarrhoea

Answer 37

Crohn’s

Question 38

what should be measured if coeliac disease is suspected in IgA deficient patients

Answer 38

anti-TTG

Question 39

Raised IgM is associated with what condition

Answer 39

primary biliary cholangitis (also associated with anti-mitochondrial antibodies)

Question 40

What investigation is used to diagnose pharyngeal pouches

Answer 40

barium swallow

Question 41

what are pharyngeal pouches

Answer 41

herniations of pharyngeal mucosa

Question 42

What problems can pharyngeal pouches be associated with

Answer 42

dysphagia Regurgitation Aspiration Chronic cough Weight loss

Question 43

What defiance is associated with joint pain, skin changes, and easy bruising

Answer 43

vitamin C deficiency

Question 44

What GI symptom can systemic sclerosis cause

Answer 44

oesophagitis dysmotility

Question 45

patient presents with cholestatic jaundice, itch, pANCA, and ANA

Answer 45

primary sclerosing cholangitis

Question 46

Which IBD is primary sclerosing cholangitis associated with

Answer 46

ulcerative colitis

Question 47

What test should be performed for elderly patients if iron deficient with changes in bowel habit

Answer 47

FIT test (risk of colorectal cancer)

Question 48

How are moderation ulcerative colitis flares managed

Answer 48

topical aminosalicylates

Question 49

How can excess alcohol intake lead to low phosphate

Answer 49

kidney’s ability to absorb phosphate is impaired

Question 50

What type of medication is used to manage ascites

Answer 50

aldosterone antagonists (eg spironolactone)

Question 51

Patient presents with fever, itch, and jaundice

Answer 51

Primary biliary cholangitis

Question 52

Which autoimmune condition is linked to IBD

Answer 52

primary sclerosing cholangitits

Question 53

Sex demographics of autoimmune conditions

Answer 53

primary sclerosing cholangits - males Primary biliary cirrhosis - females

Question 54

Which condition shows beading of the bile ducts

Answer 54

Primary sclerosing cholangitis