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GI Imaging Flashcards

(18 cards)

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1
Q

What do the colors on a XRAY represent?

A
  • White: Bone
  • Gray: Soft tissue
  • Black: Air
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2
Q

What is special about a KUB XRAY?

A

It has contrast

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3
Q

How much radiation is a CXR? CT Chest?

A
  • CXR: 0.1mSv
  • CT Chest: 7 mSv

70x the radiation!!!

0.1 mSv is like smoking a cig

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4
Q

Free air under the diaphragm

A
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5
Q

Air Ladder Effect due to SBO

A
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6
Q

What are the 2 common causes of free air under the diaphragm?

A
  1. Bowel perforation (Surgical emergency)
  2. Insufflation of gas during laparoscopy

They look the same, but one is an emergency

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7
Q

For someone with acute abdomen, what XRAYs are indicated?

A
  • Upright CXR
  • Supine Abd XRAY
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8
Q

What does fecal matter look like on XRAY?

A

Soft opaque tissue with internal mottled air

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9
Q

What XRAY is good to evaluate constipation with?

A

AP abd/pelvis in supine position

Add on erect and lat dec if concerned for complications.

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10
Q

What is echogenicity?

A

Ability of tissue to reflect or transmit US waves in the context of surrounding tissues.

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11
Q

What are hypo and hyperechoic? Anechoic?

A
  • Hypoechoic: gray or darker, muscle/tissue
  • Hyperechoic: lighter and brighter, air, fat, gas
  • Anechoic: Black, fluid and blood filled structures
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12
Q

What does a gallbladder typically appear as in US?

A
  • Smooth, thin walls < 2mm
  • Anechoic lumen (bile filled)

>6m would be cholangitis

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13
Q

What does the biliary tree typically appear as in US?

A
  • Narrow caliber < 6mm
  • Uniform ductal walls
  • CBD
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14
Q

What are the primary benefits of CT over XRAY?

A
  • Good contrast resolution
  • Slices allow for structures to be seen without being superimposed on each other
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15
Q

What are the 3 planes?

A
  • Coronal: ventral and dorsal
  • Sagittal: L/R
  • Axial: Horizontal and Vertical
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16
Q

What are the 2 types of contrast and their main specifications?

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A
  • IV: tumors, vascular abnormalities, urinary tract
  • Oral: Bowel lumen, esophagus, stomach
  • Noncon: Stones
17
Q

When is a barium swallow used?

Study These Flashcards
A

Dysphagia evaluation with XRAY

EGD more commonly used now

18
Q

What is the biggest complication of ERCP?

Study These Flashcards
A

Acute pancreatitis

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