GI: Pharm Flashcards by Richie S

What is the Action of Antacid Agents?

These are used to chemically neutralize gastric acid and increase the intragastric pH.

Primary antacids are classified as Aluminum-containing, Calcium carbonate-containing, Magnesium-containing, or Sodium bicarbonate-containing

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What are the indications of Antacid Agents?

Episodic minor gastric indigestion or heartburn, peptic ulcer, GERD

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What are the side effects of Antacid Agents?

Acid rebound phenomenon, constipation or diarrhea (depending on the antacid), may affect metabolism of other medication, electrolyte imbalance

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What are the Implications for PT of Antacid Agents?

Since these agents are well tolerated, there are typically no side effects that interfere with PT.
- Patients are more likely to participate in therapy with effective management of GI issues using these agents

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What are examples of Antacid Agents?

Aluminum-containing: Basaljel (aluminum carbonate gel)
Calcium carbonate-containing: Tums (calcium carbonate)
Magnesium-containing: Milk of magnesia (Magnesium hydroxide)
Sodium bicarbonate-containing: Bromo Seltzer (sodium bicarbonate)

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What is the Action of Antibiotics?

These are prescribed to treat H. Pylori infection with the goal of facilitating more rapid healing of associated gastric ulcerations

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What are the indications of Antibiotics?

H. Pylori bacteria

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What are the S/S of Antibiotics?

Hypersensitivity, Diarrhea, Nausea

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What are the implications for PT of Antibiotics?

PT’s should be aware of potential side effects in order to respond appropriately especially with regard to severe dermatological and respiratory reactions which may be associated with hypersensitivity

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What are examples of Antibiotics?

Metronidazole, Tetracycline, Clarithromycin, Amoxicillin

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What is the Action of Anticholinergics?

These block the effects of acetycholine on parietal cells in the stomach and decrease the release of gastric acid

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What are the Indications of Anticholinergics?

Gastric ulcers

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What are the side effects of Anticholinergics?

Dry mouth, confusion, constipation, urinary retention

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What are the Implications for PT of Anticholinergics?

PTs should be aware of potential side effects in order to respond appropriately to changes in cognition or complaints of dry mouth, constipation or urinary retention

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What are examples of Anticholinergics?

Gastrozepin (Pirenzepine), Muscarinic cholinergic antagonist

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What are the actions of Antidarrheal Agents?

These are used to slow the serious debilitating effects of dehydration associated with prolonged diarrhea. There are multiple classes of antidiarrheal agents

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What are the Indications of Antidarrheal Agents?

Prolonged Diarrhea

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What are the Side effects of Antidarrheal Agents?

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Constipation, Abdominal discomfort

What are the Implications for PT of Antidarrheal Agents?

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Since these agents are well tolerated there are typically no side effects that interfer with PT. Patients are more likely to participate with effective management of GI issues using these agents

What are examples of Antidarrheal Agents?

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Donnagel (Attapulgite)
Kapeectolin (Kaolin)
Pepto-Bismol (Bismuth Subsalicylate)
Motofen (Difenoxin)
Imodium (Loperamide)

What are Antiemetic Agents?

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These are used to decrease symptoms of nausea and vomiting

What are the indications of Antiemetic Agents?

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Nausea associated with motion sickness, anesthesia, pain or oncology treatments

What are the Side effects of Antiemetic Agents?

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Agent dependent

But can include sedation, dysrhythmias, and pain

What are the Implications of PT of Antiemetic Agents?

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These frequently cause sedative effects which can be limiting to PT interventions

Many other antiemetic agents are typically well tolerated and should not significantly interfere with therapy interventions

What are examples of Antiemetic Agents?

Scopolamine (Anticholinergic agent) Meclizine (Antihistamine agent) Dolasetron (5-HT3 receptor antagonist agent) Phenergan (Promethazine Hydrochloride)

What are the actions of Emetic Agents?

These are used to induce vomiting

What are the indications of Emetic Agents?

To induce vomiting, usually after ingestation of a toxic substance

What are the side effects of Emetic Agents?

Dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and upper GI erosion may occur with inapprioprite or prolonged usage

What are the Implications for PT of Emetic Agents?

The medical concerns associated with administration of an emetic agent should be addressed prior to initiation or resumption of therapy intervention. - Therapy should be deferred if a patient is actively vomiting

What are examples of Emetic Agents?

Apomorphine, Ipecac

What are the actions of H₂Receptor Blockers?

These bind specifically to histamine receptors to prevent the histamine-activated release of gastric acid normally stimulated during food intake

What are the Indications of H₂Receptor Blockers?

Dyspepsia, acute and long-term treatment of peptic ulcer, GERD

What are the side effects of H₂Receptor Blockers?

Headache, dizziness, mild GI distress, tolerance, arthralgia, acid reboundwith discontinuation of agent

What are the Implications of Physical Therapy of H₂Receptor Blockers?

Since they are well tolerated, there are typcially no side effects that interfere with PT. Patients are more likely to participate in therapy with effective management of GI issues using these agents

What are examples of H₂Receptor Blockers?

Tagament (Cimetine) Pepcid (Famotidine) Zantac (Ranitidine)

What are the actions of Laxitive Agents?

These are used to facilitate bowel evacuation and should be used sparingly

What are the indications of Laxitive Agents?

To promote defecation

What are the side effects of Laxitive Agents?

Nausea, abdominal discomfort, cramping, electrolyte imbalance, dehydration, dependence with prolonged use

What are the Implications for PT of Laxitive Agents?

It it was recently ingested, physical discomfort may temporarily limit patient participation in therapy intervention - Patients may also express concern about treatment occurring in areas that do not have easy access to restroom facilities

What are the actions of Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI)?

These inhibit the H+/K+-ATPase enzyme, blocking secretions of acid from gastric cells into the stomach - These agents prevent erosive esophagitis and may also possess antibacterial effects against H. Pylori

What are the Indications of Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI)?

Dyspepsia, GERD

What are the side effects of Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI)?

Acid rebound phenomenon when discontinued after prolonged sue

What are the Implications of PT of Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI)?

Since these are well tolerated, there are typically no side effects that interfere with PT. Patients are more likely to participate in therapy with effective management of GI issues using these agents

GI: Pharm Flashcards

(43 cards)