Globalisation

Question 1

What is globalisation?

Answer 1

Widening, deepening and speeding up of worldwide interconnectedness.

Question 2

What is deterritoralization?

Answer 2

Increasing number of social, political and economic activities are no longer attached to specific countries but are transnational and stretched across globe.

Question 3

What does Castells argue?

Answer 3

Globalization has led a global criminal economy, in which new opportunities for crime and new types of crime have emerged such as illegal trade in weapons

Question 4

How is led to increase in crime

Answer 4

• New variety of crimes: e.g. Drugs trafficking, cyber crime, money laundering
• Enables old crimes to be transformed: poor countries supply, rich countries demand.
• At risk society and have risk consciousness and place blame. Such as large restriction on immigration

Question 5

Impacts

Answer 5

• Social intensification- isolating due to fear: e.g. Tighter immigration
• Have great knowledge of these risk through media
• However easy to exaggerate impact of globalisation
• May also have affected other parts of the world than others; depends on law enforcement services

Question 6

Transnational organised crime

Answer 6

Has been able to develop or start up
New means of committing crimes
Mcmafias- led to rises in food so new rises in mafias

Question 7

Glocal organisations

Answer 7

Local organisations are able to commit new levels of crime, individuals act as a hub linking around the world

Question 8

Sunderland study

Answer 8

New type and more bouncers to control clubs due to global contexts meaning there was increased drug problems.

Question 9

How globalisation has affected crime

Answer 9

1. Growing inequality: exploitation with under developing countries from Western countries. Divide creates crime due to relative deprivation (left realists).
2. More opportunities for crime: More way to communicate
3. Higher individualisation: often left to find own solutions and don’t all have moral guidances
   Difficult to find

Question 10

Green crime (environmental crime)

Answer 10

Crimes or harm done to environment or animals

Adding to global risk society; oil spillages, food chain upset

Question 11

Green criminology (transgressive criminology)

Answer 11

More of a radical outlook
Harm done
Trangressive criminology better as looks at other notions of crime, although criticised for making value judgements
Argue approach similar to marxists to use power to oppose

Question 12

Anthrocentric

Answer 12

Humans have right to do what they want

Question 13

Environmentalcentrism

Answer 13

Environment and humans should work together

Question 14

Who commits green crime?

Answer 14

State and government: military worst cause
Organised crime
Individuals
Private business organisations (most likely)

Question 15

Victims of green crime

Answer 15

Everyone, particularly minority countries. Developed dump waste there and they can’t afford to dispose of it