Glucose/Dextrose

Question 1

When is glucose indicated for use?

Answer 1

• 5% - intravenous water and drug reconstituition
• 10/20/50% - treat hypoglycaemia and hyperkalaemia

Question 2

What is the mechanism of action of IV glucose?

Answer 2

Glucose makes fluid isotonic and prevents osmolysis initially. It is then rapidly taken up by cells and metabolised, leaving free hypotonic water that diffuses throughout all body water compartments

Question 3

How much glucose is left in the intravascular space following IV administration?

Answer 3

Approximately 7%

Question 4

What are adverse side effects of IV glucose administration?

Answer 4

• 50% - irritant to veins
• Hyperglycaemia

Question 5

What can administration of IV glucose to those with thiamine deficiency precipitate?

Answer 5

WErnicke’s encephalopathy