GORD

Question 1

Acute/Chronic oesophagitis?

Answer 1

Chronic

Question 2

What is GORD?

Answer 2

Inflammation of the oesophagus due to refluxed low pH gastric content

Question 3

Causes of GORD

Answer 3

Defective LOS 
Abnormal oesophageal motility
Increased intra abdominal pressure (obesity, pregnancy)
Alcohol
Tobacco

Question 4

Clinical Presentation

Answer 4

Heatburn - burning sensation retrosternally
Acid reflux
Waterbrash - hypersalivation

Dysphagia
Odynophagia
Weight loss 
Hoarseness
Chest pain
Cough

Question 5

Histology

Answer 5

Basal zone epithelial expansion
Increased cell proliferation
Eosinophils and neutrophils recruited to squamous mucosa

Question 6

Investigations

Answer 6

Endoscopy - gold standard
Barium Swallow
Oesophageal manometry - evaluates LOS function

Question 7

Management

Answer 7

PPI - reduce amount of acid produced by stomach
H2RA - eg ranitidine
Antacids - for symptomatic relief
Surgery

Question 8

Complications

Answer 8

Ulceration
Stricture
Barret’s oesophagus
Malignancy