1
Q
아니다
A
to not be
2
Q
이다
A
to be
3
Q
~이/가 아니다
A
to not be (added to a verb or adjective stem)
4
Q
없다
A
to not have/be
5
Q
있다
A
to have/to be
6
Q
싫어하다
A
to not like
7
Q
좋아하다
A
to like
8
Q
우리
A
we/us/our
9
Q
저의
A
our/we/us formal (or ‘my’)
10
Q
처음
A
the first time/ beginning/ first
11
Q
마지막
A
last
12
Q
개 (particle)
A
counter for things
13
Q
번 (counter)
A
counter for actions
14
Q
대 (counter)
A
counter for cars
15
Q
분 (counter)
A
minute
16
Q
살 (counter)
A
age counter
17
Q
초 (counter)
A
seconds
18
Q
시 (counter)
A
hour
19
Q
명 (counter)
A
counter for people
20
Q
많더
A
to be a lot of (many)
21
Q
되다
A
to become
22
Q
일 (#)
A
1 (one) sino
23
Q
이 (#)
A
2 (two) sino
24
Q
삼
A
3 (three) sino
25
사 (#)
4 (four) sino
26
오
5 (five) sino
27
육
6 (six) sino
28
칠 (sino)
7 (seven) sino
29
팔
8 (eight) sino
30
구
9 (nine) sino
31
십
10 (ten) sino
32
백 (#)
100 (one hundred) sino
33
천
1,000 (thousand) sino
34
만
10,000 (ten thousand) sino
35
sino korean numbers are used for:
counting/money/measurment/math/phone #'s/talking about time EXCEPT for the hour, names of each month
36
하나
1 (pure korean)
37
둘
2 (pure korean)
38
셋
3 (pure korean)
39
넷
4 (pure korean)
40
다섯
5 (pure korean)
41
여섯
6 (pure korean)
42
일곱
7 (pure korean)
43
여덟
8 (pure korean)
44
아홉
9 (pure korean)
45
열
10 (pure korean)
46
스물
20 (pure korean)
47
서른
30 (pure korean)
48
마흔
40 (pure korean)
49
쉰
50 (pure korean)
50
pure korean numbers are used for:
counting things, people, actions, the hour, age, not used much after 59
51
영
0 zero (the number)
52
공
zero, nothing, used for phone #s
53
몃 살이에요?
how old are you?
54
번째 (particle)
add after number to make (first, second, third, etc)
| use pure korean numbers
55
첫 번째
first
56
동안 (adverb)
word/particle to indicate how long an action occurs, basically 'for' this amount of time
57
시간
time, and put after a number when counting the amount of hours, like 'i did this for 3 hours'
58
지난
last (as in previous)
59
다음 (adverb)
next
60
일 (counter)
counter for days (use sino korean #s)
61
하루
one day
62
날
the word for day (not a counter)
63
달 (counter)
month counter (pure korean numbers)
64
개월 (counter)
month counter (sino korean numbers)
65
년 (counter)
year counter
66
작년
last year
67
내년
next year
68
이번
'this' week/month (must put the word for week or month after to indicate which one)
69
~에
time/place particle but ALSO can mean 'per'
70
몇 (particle)
some, particle for things, like 'i bought some apples'
71
들 (particle)
make something plural (only for people)
72
~만 (particle)
only
73
에 서
to denote a location where an action is being done (wouldnt use for 'i'm at the restaurant' but would use for 'i'm eating at the restaurant'
74
여기서
from here
75
거기서
from there
76
(으)로
with/by/on indicates with what method something is being done (write with a pen, go by car, walk on foot, make out of wood)
77
(그/의...) 쯕
direction particle, you can make 'that direction, upper direction, direction of people, etc. with this' and combine with (으)로 often times
78
~과/와 (particle)
and/with (written)
| also as a comparing particle (similar ~to~, different ~from~)
79
~랑/이랑 (particle)
and/with (spoken)
| also as a comparing particle (similar ~to~, different ~from~)
80
~하고 (particle)
and/with
| also as a comparing particle (similar ~to~, different ~from~)
81
겉이
together (most common)
82
함께
together
83
~한테 (particle)
to (most common)
84
~에게 (particle)
to
85
~께 (particle)
to (formal)
86
~에게서
to receive something (from someone)
87
~한테서
to receive something (from someone)
88
~도 (particle)
too/as well
89
많다 / 많이
to have a lot of (as an adjective)
| many, alot (of) (as a noun)
90
ㅅ irregular
'ㅅ' is removed if a vowel comes after it
91
ㄷ irregular
(only with verbs) 'ㄷ' gets changed to 'ㄹ' when a vowel comes next
92
ㅂ irregular
(mostly for adjectives) 'ㅂ' is changed to ~우 when a vowel comes next
93
ㅡ irregular
'ㅡ' is replaced with ~아/어 depending on what the previous vowel is, only if a vowel comes next
94
르 irregular
only if a ~아/어 comes after the '르' stem would it change to ~아/어
95
ㄹ irregular
only applies if the conjugation after has '은/는/ㅂ/습/ㄹ/을', the ㄹ would be replaced by the corresponding letters: 'ㄴ/ㅂ/ㄹ'
96
나다 (verb)
for something to come up/arise/occur
97
내다 (verb)
to make something come up/arise/occur
98
~적 (particle)
added to a noun that makes the noun into something that something has the properties of, such as:
culture->cultural
democracy-> democratic etc.
99
~적으로 (particle)
added to a noun to give it the properties of the noun, and changes it into an adverb:
cultural---> culturally
impulsive--> impulsively
100
~적이다 (particle)
if you're using a noun to describe a noun using ~적, then add this at the end (and conjugate) to make it grammatically correct:
if you were to say: 'the cultural history' you would need to add this to the end of 'cultural'
101
~스럽다
added to nouns to make them adjectives, or give them the properties of that noun,
love---> lovely
nature----> natural
102
~고 있다
I am __ing
103
살고 있다
I live in....
104
알고 있다
I know (lit. i am knowing)
105
알았어
Okay (lit. verb for knowing but can be used this way also)
106
더
'more', can be used to compare things:
this ramen is spicier
he is more handsome
the place is further, etc.
107
~보다 (particle)
for comparing subjects in sentences
| the subject it's attached to is the one you're comparing it to
108
덜
less
109
가장/제일
superlative meaning something is the most
the prettiest
the hottest
110
잘하다
To do something well, 'im good at'
111
잘
well
112
잘 (adverb)
well
113
못하다
To do something poorly, be bad at...
114
못하다
To do something poorly, be bad at...
115
못 (adverb)
poorly
116
~에 대한
'about' something
117
하다-->되다
to make a verb passive (to give--->to be given)
118
하다-->받다
to make a verb passive (to give--->to be given)
119
~아/어지다
to make a verb passive (to give--->to be given)
120
~고 (particle)
attach to connect two clauses together, meaning 'and/then'
121
~어/어서 (particle)
attach to connect two clauses together, meaning 'and/then'
122
~고 싶다
attach to verb stem to mean 'i want to ___'
123
~에게 (particle)
to -'i taught korean to the students'
124
~한테 (particle)
to- i taught korean to the students'
125
~께 (particle)
to - i taught korean to the students'
126
~에게서 (particle)
'from' to receive something from someone
| 저는 그것을 친구한테서 들었어요 = I heard that from my friend
127
~한테서 (particle)
'from' to receive something from someone
128
~(으)로부터
'from'
-to receive something from a non-person
나는 나의 여자친구로부터 편지를 받았어 = i received a letter from my girlfriend
나는 돈을 정부로부터 받았어 = I received money from the government
-or attached to the person you received something from
129
~을/를 위해(서)
'for' to do something for somebody=
나는 나의 여자 친구를 위해(서) 꽃을 샀어=
i bought flowers for my girlfriend
130
~에 대해
'about' about something
| 나는 너에 대해 생각했어 = I thought about you
131
전 (time marker)
before/ago
| 2 초 전에 = 2 seconds ago
132
후 (time marker)
after/ later /from now
| 5 분 후에 = 5 minutes later/from now
133
~ㄴ/은 이래로 (particle)
since
(not a common word, most just say 'after')
한국에 온 이래로 한국어를 배우고 있어요 =
Since coming to Korea, I have been learning Korean
134
안/
이내
(time marker)
within (the timespan of...)
나는 5년 이내에 외국어 다섯 개를 배우고 싶어 =
I want to learn five languages within 5 years
135
모든
every (can be placed in front of a noun to make,,, every thing, every person, every fruit, etc...)
136
모든 것
everything
137
다
all (indicate everything is done)
| 저는 라면을 다 먹었어요 = I ate all the ramen
138
~인
added to a verb to say 'the...who IS....'
선생님인 살암
the person who is a teacher
139
~는지
uncertain clause, put in sentences when using 'i don't know...' or any question words
그 남자의 이름을 무엇인지 모르겠어
I don't know what that man's name is
140
~ㄴ/은 작
noun of experience
'i've done this...' 'i've not done this...'
거기에 간 적이 없어
i've havent been there
141
~(으)려고
with the intention of
'in order to understand the meaning, i read the book twice'
142
~려고 노력하다
'i try to...'
i try to meet that friend every weekend'
143
~(으)러
to come/go
144
~(기) 위해
for (the purpose of something)
'i bought flowers for my girlfriend'
145
~아/어 보다
to attempt/ try something
| i tried eating the rice
146
중
in the middle of
| (often used like '는 있어') to say 'i am__ing'
147
는 중
i am __ing
| (often used like '는 있어') to say 'i am__ing'
148
~중(에)
of all/among....
| 'between rice and bread, rice is more delicious'
149
~아/어 보다 중
'of all the things i've tried'...
| 'of all the places ive been, america is the scariest'
150
그중에
between those (things)(previously mentioned)
151
어떤
which
152
어느
which
153
중으로
by (this amount of time)
154
~거리다
added at the end of a verb to imply repeatedly doing something
155
자기
she/he/they (referencing a person already mentioned)
156
자신
oneself/myself/himself/herself
157
아직
still
158
아직도
still (something that is still the case, but shouldnt be)
159
아직은
still (something not done yet, but will be soon)
160
아직히
still (an action still being.not being done and will continue like that)
161
별로
really (in negative ending sentences)
| 'im not really hungry'
162
별로야
not really /meh
Q: was the food good? 밥은 맜있어?
A: meh, not really . 별로야.
163
전혀
at all
| 'im not hungry at all'
164
하나도
not even one
'i dont even have one friend
school isnt fun at all'
165
훨씬
much more (like 더 but stronger)
166
~에 관하다
about or in relation to
| 'i saw a movie about clowns'
167
주위
around (the circumference of)
168
일단
once/after i
| 'once i learn korean, i'll go to korea'
169
후에
after
170
이상
after (with the nuance of the thing already being completed)
korean grammar
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