Grammar

Question 1

1^st Conjugation Verbs

Answer 1

• This class of verbs has an ‘ā’ as its thematic vowel
• Future formed with ‘bi’ + personal endings

Question 2

2^nd Conjugation Verbs

Answer 2

• This class of verbs has an ‘ē’ as its thematic vowel (note the long mark)
• Future formed with ‘bi’ + personal ending

Question 3

3^rd Conjugation Verbs

Answer 3

• This class of verbs has an ‘e’ as its thematic vowel (note the absence of a long mark)
• Thematic vowel changes to ‘i’ in present tense
• Future tense built by lengthening thematic vowel ‘e’ (agit = ‘he leads’ vs. aget = ‘he will lead’)

Question 4

4th Conjugation Verbs

Answer 4

• This class of verbs has an ‘ī’ as its thematic vowel
• Future formed by adding an ‘e’ to the thematic vowel

Question 5

1st Principal Part

Answer 5

1st person, singular, present, active, indicative

(e.g. amō)

Question 6

2nd Principal Part

Answer 6

Present Active Infinitive

(e.g. amāre)

Question 7

3rd Principal Part

Answer 7

1st Person, Singular, Perfect, Active, Indicative

(e.g. amāvī)

Question 8

4th Principal Part

Answer 8

Nominative, Singular, Masculine, Perfect Passive Participal

(e.g. amātus)

Question 9

Perfect Passive Participal

Answer 9

• Comes from the 4th Principal Part
• Uses 1st/2nd Declension Endings
• Can always be translated “having been verbed”
• Can be part of a perfect passive verb with a form of the verb ‘esse’

Question 10

Present Active Participal

Answer 10

• Formed from the 2nd Principal Part
• Add ‘nt’ and a third declension ending to the present stem
• Nominative singular formed by adding ‘ns’ to the present stem
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