Grammar from Class

Question 1

After that . . .

Answer 1

Emva kwalokho

Question 2

We’re dying of . . .

Answer 2

Siyafa ______. E. g., Siyafa imvula!

Question 3

All / Totality (of something)

Answer 3

—sa—
1st sonke
2nd nonke
3rd bonke
konke

Question 4

only

Answer 4

—dwa
1st ngedwa < sodwa
2nd wedwa < nodwa
3rd yedwa < bodwa
kodwa

Question 5

possessive stems

Answer 5

1st —mi < —ethu
2nd —kho < —enu
3rd —khe < —bo
—kho

Question 6

recent past tense

Answer 6

—ile (verb focus) or —e

E. g., ngidlile noma ngidle izinkwa.

Question 7

object markers

Answer 7

1st —ngi— < —si—
2nd —ku— < —ni—
3rd —mu— < —ba—
—ku—

Question 8

passive marker

Answer 8

—iwe, e.g. “Cha, ngidliwe, ngichithe imali yami.” i. e., “No, I was eaten. I wasted my money.”

Question 9

Change in status quo (used with future or past tense)

Answer 9

1st sengi— < sesi—
2nd sewu— < seni—
3rd use— < sebe—
seku—

e. g., A: “Udlile?” B: “Yebo, sengidlile.”

Question 10

adverb marker

Answer 10

ka—

1. ) kuhle (good), kahle (well)
2. ) kubi (bad), kabi (badly)