y=f(x+a)
Horizontal translation by -a or vector [-a,0]
y=f(x)+a
Vertical translation by factor a or vector [0,a]
y=2f(x)
Vertical stretch by factor 2 (y coords increase by 2 but x coords remain the same).
y=f(2x)
Horizontal stretch bf factor 0.5 (x coord is multiplied by 1/a and y coord remains the same)
y= -f(x)
Reflection in x-axis (only y coords are changed)
y=f(-x)
Reflection in y-axis (only x coord is chnaged)
For the reflection look at where the -ve is to see if it would chnage the x or y to check have right reflection
For the reflection look at where the -ve is to see if it would chnage the x or y to check have right reflection