1
Q
What is the main mountain range in Greece?
A
- Pindos, it forms the spine of Greece, it is the southernmost extension of the central Alps
2
Q
What is the tallest peak of Greece? Where is it located?
A
- Mount Olympus
- mark the northeastern boundary between Thessaly and Macedonia
3
Q
What are the two PDO in Greece that is using international varieties?
A
- the Slopes of Meliton
- Messenikola
4
Q
True or False for a PDO, 85% of the grape must be grown and vinified within the appellation
A
- False, 100%
5
Q
In Greece, what are the three levels of PGI?
A
- Regional
- District
- Area
6
Q
True or False for a PGI, 85% of the grape must be grown and vinified within the appellation
A
- True for the origin of the grapes, but it should be vinified within the PGI
7
Q
What are the two traditional PGIs of Greece ?
A
- Verdea
- Retsina
8
Q
What is Verdea?
A
- a traditional PGI
- oxidized white wine from the Ionian island Zakynthos
9
Q
What is Retsina?
A
- a traditional PGI
- aromaized wine wih he resin of pine tree
- cannot be labeled with a vintage
- the Aleppo pine trees sap must be added during the first half of fermentation (can account for 0.15 to 1.0% of the wine’s final volume
10
Q
What are the grape varieties allowed for Retsina?
A
- Savatiano
- Roditis (if used as rosé Retsina, it is called Kokkineli)
11
Q
What is Tsipouro?
A
- Greek grappa
12
Q
What are the restriction of a Greek vinsanto?
A
- min 51% Assyrtiko, with Aidani and Athiri
- grapes must be dried, with or without fortification (fortification is rarely if ever practiced)
- aged in barrel for a minimum of two years
13
Q
Define a Grand Cru Greek wine
A
- Vin doux naturel fortified with Tsipouro
- From a select group of vineyards, which are generally at a high elevation and are subject to stricter maximum yields
- Only applicable to certain muscats and sweet liatiko from Crete’s Daphnes PDO
14
Q
What is Theophastus?
A
- a mixture of hard but aromatic wine from Heraclea with soft Erythraean (a salted wine) which lacks bouquet
15
Q
What is the traditional vine training in Santorini? Why are they using this technique?
A
- Kouloura or Stefani, a low-lying basket shape
- to keep the morning fog moisture
- to protect from the intense wind
16
Q
What is the traditional vine training in Cyclades?
A
- Aplotaries, a unsupported vine training, the old wood extends horizontally, it creates a floor covering of vines
17
Q
Where is located the city Thessaloniki?
A
- Macedonia
18
Q
Where can we find an important amount of Debina grape?
A
- Zitsa in Epirus
- 100% Debina
- Is a white grape
19
Q
What is the most commonly planted indigenous grape variety in Greece?
A
- Savatiano
20
Q
What is the color of Roditis grape?
A
- pink
21
Q
What is the color of Moschofilero grape?
A
- pink
22
Q
What is the wine region between the Aegean Sea and Bulgaria?
A
- Thrace
23
Q
What are the two major grape varieties in Thrace?
A
- Mavroudi (red)
- Limnio (red)
24
Q
Which region is considered as “the Tuscany of Greece”?
A
- Macedonia
25
What are the 3 countries that border Macedonia?
- Albania
- Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
- Bulgaria
26
What are the three Xinomavro oriented PDO in Macedonia? Are they all 100% Xinomavro?
- Amynteo
- Goumenissa
- Naoussa
- Amynteo and Naoussa are 100% Xinomavro, Goumenissa must be fermented with at least 20% of Negoska
27
What style of wine is produced in Amynteo?
- Red
- Rosé
- Sparkling rosé or blanc de noirs
28
What is the minimum aging of Goumenissa PDO?
- must be aged in oak for at least 12 months
29
What style of wine is produced in Naoussa?
- Red
30
What style of wine is produced in Goumenissa?
- Red
31
Name an important producer in Naoussa?
- Argatia winery
- Boutari
- Tsantalis
- Kir-Yianni
32
What is the sole estate in Slopes of Meliton?
- Domaine Porto Carras
33
What are the grape varieties used for a white Slopes of Meliton?
- Assyrtiko
- Athiri
- Roditis
34
What are the grape varieties used for a red Slopes of Meliton?
- Limnio based
- Cabernet sauvignon and or Cabernet franc
35
What is the famous oenologist of Domaine Porto Carras?
- Evangelos Gerovassiliou
36
What is the sole PDO of Epirus?
- Zitsa
37
What is the average altitude of Zitsa?
- 700m
38
What are the two major natural features of Zitsa?
- Pindos mountains to the east
- Ionian Sea to the west
39
What style of wine is produced in Zitsa?
- White
- Sparkling
40
What is the particular wine produced by Ktima Glinavos in Epirus?
- Paleokerisio
- it is made in the style in which the old people of the region liked their wine – skin fermented, off dry, semi-sparkling. This is the original orange wine in Greece
- the grapes are Debina and Vlahico
41
What is the white wine PDO of Thessalia?
- Achialos
- blend of 80% Roditis and 20% Savatiano
- oak aging is forbidden
42
What is the PDO in Thessalia that allowed international grape varieties?
- Messenikola
- Mavro Messenikola with a maximum combined total of 30% Carignan and syrah
43
What is the major producer of Messenikola?
- Monsieur Nicolas winery
44
What is the smallest PDO but most important of Thessaly?
- Rapsani
- Xinomavro based, cofermented with Stavroto and Krassato
45
What are the major producers of Rapsani?
- Dougos winery
- Ktima Katsaros
- Tsantali
46
Which PDO is at the foothills of Mount Olympus?
- Rapsani
47
What is the major wine style produced in Central Greece?
- Retsina
48
What are the major grape varieties in Central Greece?
- Savatiano (90% of production in Attica)
- Roditis
49
Tripoli is located in which wine region?
- Peloponnese
50
Where is located Skouras Megas Oenos?
- in Nemea, but not labeled with the PDO, blend of Agiorgitiko and Cabernet Sauvignon
51
Which grape is named the “blood of Hercules”?
- Agiorgitiko
52
Koutsi is a renowned cru of which PDO?
- Nemea
53
Which grape variety is allowed for Nemea PDO?
- 100% Agiorgitiko
54
What style of wine is produced in Nemea PDO?
- Red
- Sweet
55
What grape varieties are allowed for Mantinia PDO?
- min 85% Moschofilero
- 15% indigenous grapes (local term: Asproudes)
56
What style of wine is produced in Mantinia PDO?
- Dry white or Vin gris style made by skin contact
- Sparkling
57
What grape varieties are allowed for Patras PDO?
- 100% Roditis
58
What style of wine is produced in Patras PDO?
- Dry white only
59
What grape varieties are allowed for Mavrodaphne of Patras PDO?
- min 51% Mavrodaphne
- Corinthiaki
60
What style of wine is produced in Mavrodaphne of Patras PDO?
- Always fortified as mistelle or VDN
61
What is the minimum aging of Mavrodaphne of Patras PDO?
- a year
62
What is the minimum aging of Mavrodaphne of Patras Reserve?
- 3 years with 2 years in cask
63
Where is located the producer Gentillini?
- Cephalonia, Ionian Islands
64
What is the minimum aging of Mavrodaphne of Patras Grande Reserve?
- 7 years with 3 years in cask and 3 in bottle
65
What grape varieties are allowed for Muscat of Rio Patras and Muscat of Patras PDO?
- Muscat blanc à petits grains
66
What style of wine is produced in Muscat of Rio Patras and Muscat of Patras PDO?
- VDL
- VDN
- Vinification of dried fruits
67
What grape varieties are allowed for Monemvasia – Malvasia PDO?
- min 51% Monemvasia
- Assyrtiko, Asproudes, Kydonitsa
68
What style of wine is produced in Monemvasia – Malvasia PDO?
- Sweet (grapes must be dried)
- Fortified (optional)
69
What is the minimum aging of Monemvasia – Malvasia PDO?
- 2 years in barrel
70
Where are located the PDOs in Ionian Islands?
- on Cephalonia
71
What are the three PDO on Cephalonia?
- Robola of Cephalonia
- Mavrodaphne of Cephalonia
- Muscat of Cephalonia
72
What grape varieties are used for the traditional wine of Verdea?
- min 50% Skiadipoulo
- Pavlos, Robola, Goustolidi
73
What style of wine is produced in Robola of Cephalonia?
- Dry white
74
What style of wine is produced in Mavrodaphne of Cephalonia?
- Forified Sweet Red
- Fortified during fermentation with alcohol of vinous origin (minimum 95% ABV)
75
What grape varieties are used for Mavrodaphne of Cephalonia?
- Mavrodaphne
- max 49% Mavri Korinthiaki
76
What style of wine is produced in Muscat of Cephalonia?
- Vin doux
- VDN, may be grand cru
- VND
77
Which island is also included in Santorini PDO?
- Thirassia
78
What is the major wind of Santorini?
- Meltemi wind
79
Where can we find the highest concentration of vineyard on Santorini?
- Central and western part
80
What’s the name of the volcanic soil in Santorini?
- Aspa
81
Is there phylloxera in Santorini?
- No, phylloxera-free, but also Phylloxera-immune. There’s 0% clay
82
What is the average density planting on Santorini?
- 2,500 vines/hectare
83
What is the maximum yields in Santorini?
- 60 hl/ha – the lowest of Greece
84
Can you name producers in Santorini?
- Ktima Argyros
- Hatzidakis
- Sigalas winery
85
What is one of the most expensive wine of Greece in Santorini?
-20 years old vinsanto from Argyros
86
What is a Nykteri wine?
- No specific rules
- Dry white from Santorini
- 75% Assyrtiko with Athiri and Aidani
- Overripe grapes
- Aged in oak
- Traditionally picked during night (nychta = night)
- min 13,5% alcohol
- min of extraction and min of contact with air
87
What is a Brusco wine?
- could be white, rosé or red
- traditionally locals were not able to gather a large quantity of fruit in a day. When enough was picked (after a week or so), they could start the fermentation but the oxidation and extraction of phenolics were intense
88
What in Mezzo in Santorini?
- style close to Vinsanto
- only red grapes are used, mainly Mandilaria
- less dried than vinsanto, fewer than 10 days
89
Define a Greek Vinsanto
- Vin Santo (Vino Santorini)
- min 51% Assyrtiko
- dried to 370 g/l must weight
- aged for min 2 years in barrel (500l or larger)
90
What is the sole appellation who require white grape for red wine in Greece?
- Red from Paros
- Madilaria based (this grape is so rich in anthocyanins)
- must be co-fermented with Monemvasia
91
What’s the PDO for sweet wine in Paros?
- Malvasia of Paros (VDN or just sundried)
92
What are the subregions of Rhodes?
- Zone A
- Zone B (the best sites)
93
True of false, Rhodes has never been affected by Phylloxera
- true
94
What are the major grapes of Rhodes PDO?
- White: min 70% Athiri with muscat and assyrtiko
- Red: Mandilaria (also known as Amorgiano (min 70% for PDO), malagousia, mavrothiriko
95
What style of wine is produced in Rhodes?
- dry white
- sweet
- rosé
- red
- tradition of sparkling production
96
What are the two PDO of Rhodes?
- Rhodes
- Muscat of Rhodes
97
What is the synonym of Moschato Aspro?
- Muscat blanc à petits grains
98
What is the first appellation in Greece?
- Samos (1934):
- PDO for Muscat blanc à petits grains
- VDN
- VDN Grand cru
- VDL
- Natural sweet wine
99
What style of Muscat is planted on Lemnos?
- Muscat of Alexandria
100
What is the red grape variety used on Lemnos?
- Limnio, here called Kalambaki
101
What are the most important white grape varieties in Crete?
- Vidiano
- Vilana
102
What are the most important red grape varieties in Crete?
- Liatiko
- Kotsifali
- Mandelaria
- Syrah
103
In Crete, the majority of vineyard are on the northern half or southern?
- Northern, the southern is quite warm with the impact of African winds
104
What are the PDO in Crete from west to east?
- Chandaka Candia & Malvasia Chandakas Candia
- Dafnes
- Archanes
- Peza
- Sitia & Malvasia Sitia
105
What is the sole grape variety allowed for Daphnes PDO?
- Liatiko
106
Which PDO in Crete grow only Liatiko as red grapes?
- Daphnes
- Chandaka Candia
- Sitia
107
In Greece, speaking of 'Oinos', or 'Epitrapezios Oinos', what do we refer to ?
- Table Wine
108
In Greece, speaking of 'Liastos', what do we refer to ?
- Sun-dried wine
109
Which Greek PDO produce 100% Monemvassia grape, white wines ?
- Paros PDO
110
General aging for a 'Grande Réserve' red wine from Aegean Islands ?
- 48 mt total
- 18 mt oak
- 18 mt botle
111
General aging for a 'Grande Réserve' white wine from Aegean Islands ?
- 24 mt total
- 12 mt oak
- 6 mt bottle
112
What is he aging requirement for a 'Liastos' wine from Aegean Islands ?
- Sun-dried grape wine
- Min. 24 mt oxydative aging in barrel
113
General aging for a 'Réserve' red wine from Aegean Islands ?
- 24 mt total
- 12 mt oak
- 6 mt bottle
114
General aging for a 'Réserve' white wine from Aegean Islands ?
- 12 mt total
- 6 mt oak
- 3 mt bottle
115
Speaking of 'Samos Nectar', what do we refer to ?
- Similar to Vin de Paille
- Dried grapes (Moschato Aspro)
- Aged 36 mt prior to release
116
What is the traditonal vine training for Assyrtiko in Santorini ?
- Stefani
117
What are the two highest elevated PDOs of Greece ?
- Patras
- Samos
- can reach 900m.
118
In Greece, speaking of 'Vino di Sasso', what do we refer to ?
- Robolla based wines
- From Robola of Cephalonia PDO
- Vino di Sasso = Stone wine
- Past name given by Italians
119
What are the four flagships grape varieals of Greece ?
- Xinomavro
- Assyriko
- Agiorgitiko
- Moschofilero
120
Which greek varietals can be compared to Gewurztraminer ?
- Moschofilero
121
In Greece, speaking of 'Kataboladi', what do we refer to ?
- Marcottage
- A grower buries a cane from a living vine in the ground to generate a new plant
122
What means the therm pezoules in Greek?
- Terraces
123
What is the ratio of production for PGI in Greece?
- it represent 62.47% of production in Greece
124
What is the minimum Assyrtiko for white Santorini PDO?
- 85%
125
Trifolos, Fytia and Ramnista are crus of which PDO?
- Naoussa
126
Who is renowned to bring back the Malagousia grape variety?
- Evangelos Gerovassiliou
127
Who vinifies 95% of fruit from Rapsani?
- Tsantali, they actually does not own vineyards in Rapsani
128
What historic wine of Greece is made in a style similar to Sherry and may have flor?
- Verdea, on island of Zynkathos
Greece
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