Group Cohesion

Question 0

Cohesion definition

Answer 0

DYNAMIC VS STATIC PROCESS that is reflected in the groups tendency to stick together and remain united while pursuing its goals and objectives

Question 1

Groups definitions

Answer 1

1. two or more persons INTERACTING in such a manner that each person INFLUENCES AND IS INFLUENCED by eachother person
2. characterized by PURPOSEFUL INTERACTION in goal directed and/or interpersonal behavior (not same as a crowd)
3. degree of ATTRACTION, COMMITMENT and INVOLVEMENT of the individual members related to the collective totality

Question 2

Social Cohesion

Answer 2

degree to which members of a team like each other and enjoy each others company

• related to interpersonal attraction
• can vary from low to high

Question 3

Task Cohesion

Answer 3

degree to which members of a group work together to achieve a specific and identifiable task

• more related to the goal, have reason why they are there and together
• teams “being on the same page” towards certain goal
• importance of this depends on moment and situation

Question 4

Determinants of cohesion

Answer 4

1. cooperation
   
   • choice, decision, consideration
2. stability
   
   • how long someone stays on a team
3. homogeneity
   - similarities of members makes cohesion easier
   - need to learn to work with diversity
4. success
   - creates more cohesion

Question 5

Models of team cohesion

Answer 5

1. Pendular Model
2. Linear Model
3. Life Cycle Model

Question 6

Pendular model of team cohesion

Answer 6

• cohesion is always in motion like a pendulum
• changes day to day
• can be more or less cohesive

Question 7

Linear Model of cohesion

Answer 7

1. Forming…names, getting to know
2. Storming…forming hierarchies; some leaders, quiet, outgoing, etc.
3. Norming…putting things in motion, figuring out who does what
4. Performing…all previous processes coming together
   * *can loop back around in this cycle, if people leave, injury, coaches may learn new strategies, etc

Question 8

Life-Cycle Model

Answer 8

“cradle to grave” “birth to death”

• cradle…new freshmen @ beginning of year
• grave…graduating seniors leave

Question 9

Types of sport

Answer 9

1. interactive
2. co-active
3. mixed co-acting-interacting

Question 10

Interactive sport

Answer 10

REQUIRES team members to work together to achieve success and team goals
-soccer, basketball, team sports, etc…

Question 11

Co-active Sport

Answer 11

DOES NOT REQUIRE member interaction

ex…individual sports, archery, bowling, golf, fencing, martial arts

Question 12

Mixed Co-acting-interacting

Answer 12

american football…offense and defense separate
baseball, softball…when team is up to bat, only one batter
***matching test Q

Question 13

Factors Impacting team cohesion

Answer 13

1. group size
2. task (who you play, situation)
3. team tenure (baseball had optimum 5yr tenure, longer is better)
4. satisfaction (can be cause or effect of cohesion)

Question 14

Ringelmann Effect

Answer 14

(tug-of-war)

• % effort decreases as group size increases
• “social loafing”
• effort and contribution is masked in larger groups

Question 15

Does cohesion facilitate performance?

Answer 15

• makes sense in linear model because comes before performance
• not necessarily a requirement, team would win without cohesion

Question 16

Gender differences and cohesion

Answer 16

women more affected in performance by social cohesion

Question 17

can cohesion be overdone?

Answer 17

yes, can be around teammates too much, facilitated by coach

Question 18

role of coach and cohesion

Answer 18

BIG ROLE

• can facilitate and be in control of cohesive activities
• can choose team leaders/captains