What is a collective identity?
- Team can be easily recognised - normally in same kit
- Often members feel strong affiliation and sense of pride when wearing team clothes
- Gives motivation and sense of belonging
What is meant by interaction?
- Team members should operate in their own role successfully and also be able to link their role with other members of the team
- How they work together to complete a task
Explain Tuckman’s model of group development
The stages that lead to group formation that have to be passed before team can start working as a unit
Stage 1 - Forming (relationships)
Stage 2 - Storming (roles/stage of conflict)
Stage 3 - Norming (becoming cooperative)
Stage 4 - Performing (group success through a common goal)
What are the forces group cohesion can be defined as?
- The forces that keep members within a group
- The forces that prevent disruption
- The forces that foster commitment to the group’s values
What is task cohesion and some examples?
The ability of the group to work together to achieve a common goal (task)
- Players interacting effectively
- People understand their own, and others roles
What is social cohesion and explain it’s relationship with task cohesion
The ability of the group to interact and relate well to each other or get along socially
- Importance is debatable
- Task cohesion is needed more for success
- High social cohesion may improve overall cohesion
- More often, success will lead to social cohesion
Explain Carron cohesion?
- There are influences on the team members that will help them work together
- There are 4 main influences that must be in place for cohesion to be effective
1 - Environmental factors
2- Personal factors
3 - Leadership factors
4 - Team factors
What is Ringelmann effect
The tendancy for individual group members to become less productive as group size increases
What is Steiner’s model and the equation?
Even for the most cohesive teams, there will be times when there is a drop in performance
Actual productivity = Potential productivity - losses due to faulty group processes
What is actual productivity, potential productivity?
Actual - Looks at the performance of the team at the end of a game - the end outcome, the result
Potential - concerns the best possible outcome that could happen if everything went perfectly
What factors could affect potential productivity?
- Ability
- Experience
- Knowledge and skills of players
- Resources available
Explain the two types of faulty group processes
Co-ordination losses - usually due to poor tactics/teamwork eg players not understanding their role in a set piece
Motivational losses/social loafing - where individuals put in less than 100% effort due to lack of motivation
What are some factors than cause social loafing?
- Tasks lacks meaning
- Lack of understanding of role
- Disagree with role
- Sub groups/cliques
- Player relies of others
