Group Properties

Question 1

Physical properties of alkali metals

Answer 1

• soft
• lustrous
• low density
• low melting/boiling point
• good conductivity

Question 2

Chemical properties of alkali metals

Answer 2

• extremely reactive
• doesn’t naturally exist in pure form
• stored in an inert liquid (e.g. paraffin oil)
• very strong reducing agent
• reactivity increases downwards
• strong reducing agent

Question 3

Properties of non-metals

Answer 3

• brittle
• poor conductors (excluding graphite)
• low melting/boiling points
• low density
• acidic oxide
• anions

Question 4

Physical properties of transition metals

Answer 4

• malleable and ductile
• high density
• high melting/boiling points
• sonorous
• cations
• may have magnetic properties

Question 5

Chemical properties of transition metals

Answer 5

• forms basic oxides
• forms colored compounds
• forms compounds with variable oxidation numbers
• forms complex ions with excess ammonia
• strong reducing agent

Question 7

Catalyst of Haber’s process

Answer 7

Finely divided iron

Question 8

Catalyst of Contact Process

Answer 8

Vanadium (V) oxide

Question 9

Physical properties of halogens

Answer 9

• low melting/boiling point
• bad conductor
• dissolves readily in organic solvents
• chlorine, bromine, and iodine are soluble in water

Question 10

State of fluorine at room temperature

Answer 10

Yellow, gaseous

Question 11

State of chlorine at room temperature

Answer 11

Gaseous, greenish-yellow

Question 12

State of bromine at room temperature

Answer 12

Liquid, reddish-brown

Question 13

State of iodine at room temperature

Answer 13

Solid, greyish-black

Question 14

State of astatine at room temperature

Answer 14

Solid, black

Question 15

Chemical properties of halogens

Answer 15

• strong oxidising agents
• with transition metals, halogens form solid metal halides of the highest oxidation state
• with alkali metals, halogens form ionic halides
• reactivity increases up the group

Question 16

Catalyst of Ostwald Process

Answer 16

Platinum

Question 17

Catalyst of hydrogenation of fats

Answer 17

Nickel