Styles of group leadership
- Autocratic/authoritarian
- Democratic/participative (most desirable)
- Laissez faire (With cohesive group-best results)
Tuckman’s Progression of Group Therapy
- Forming
-Structuring, avoid conflicts with one another to gain acceptance, look to group leader for direction and guidance - Storming
-interpersonal conflicts begin to emerge
-leadership, power, and structural issues - Norming
-group become a collaborative unit, sense of cohesiveness is established, members are flexible, responsibility is shared, members willing to adapt - Performing
-true interdependence, highly productive - Adjourning
-change and transition
Universality
The recognition of shared feelings and similar experiences within a group that validates experiences, removes isolation, and increases a sense of self and esteem.
Yalom’s curative factor
-Universality
-Instillation of hope
-interpersonal learning (occurs when a person tries out new behaviors in group)
-group cohesiveness
Risky shift phenomenon
A group decision will be less conservative than a decision made by an individual
Yalom 4 Leader Functions
- Emotional stimulation
(counselor encourages healthy expression of
emotion) - Caring
(warmth, acceptance, genuineness, concern) - Meaning attribution
(group leader provides a cognitive perspective to group member’s experiences) - Executive function
Types of groups
primary= preventative and attempt to ward off problems
secondary= a difficulty or disturbance is present
tertiary= more likely to deal with severe pathology
T-groups
aka training groups
most important trait for group members
the ability to TRUST
gatekeeper
-may secretly wish that they were running the group
-most likely to mention another group member is not participating and urge them to
isolate
-ignored by other members
-feels afraid to reach out/do reach out and are rejected
-often referred to as the “silent one”
role conflict
a situation in which there is a discrepancy between the way a member is expected to behave and the way they actually behave
Yalom (existential) 4 Group Stages
- orientation
2.conflict - cohesion
- termination
sociogram
the study of measuring person-to-person relationships regarding what members in a group think or feel
horizontal interventions
strategies that approach the group as a whole
