what are 7 sub-clinical effects:
- ) behaviour
- ) intelligence
- ) carcinogenesis- exposed to chemical today but don’t get sick right away but develop cancer 20 years from now.
- ) Mutagenesis
- ) teratogenesis
- ) immune alteration- subtle changes in your immune system
- ) Biochemical change- exposed to chemical ex.) DDT enzyme reducers and changes the way hormones are metabolized
what are 14 different areas of study:
- Industrial chemicals (PCB, TCDD)
- ) Pesticides- some are immune altering chemicals
- ) Metals- where immunotoxicology got started
- ) Antibiotics- turns out a lot of them are immune suppressants
- ) Neoplasia- the formation of presence of a new abnornal growth of tissue
- ) Ethanol, smoking- lots of little chemicals in these that effect us
- ) Food additives: some are hypersensitive reactions with immune problems
- ) Biological contaminents: Major focus of his research. Major historical accounts of this in middle ages. rye bread and witch burns
- ) Nutritional deficiency- if your iron deficient or zin you have problems
- ) GIT immunity- gut health
11) pregnancy immunosuppression: your immune system is altered to allow this fetus to grow but some people cannot alter and they have miscarriages. - ) radiation: rapidly dividing cells
- ) solvent abuse: sniff glue o gas, get high out if it but major immune suppression
- ) Neuroimmunology- immune system is integrated with your brain and endocrine system.
Postulated mechanisms:
- ) reduced protein synthesis
- ) reduced active transport
- ) reduced antigen processing
- ) functional impairment of a cell
- ) Loss of a cell population
- ) Induction of a cell population
- ) Chemical interaction
how can more cells suppress immune?
suppressor cells! They unduce supressor T-cells and your immune system turns down. Sometimes this is good after you get better you don’t need your immune system running to high
chemical interaction: Peroxidation:
membrane is what interacts with cells so if you disrupt membrane you disrupt cell function
Vhemical interaction: free radical
destroy cells
chemical interactions:
- peroxidation
- free radical
- oxidation state
what are 13 health hazards?
- increased disease
- decreased resistance
- neoplasia
- allergy
- hypersensitivity
- autoimmune disease
- vaccination
- immune complex nephritis
- Mineral deficiency
- Malnutrition
- Response to antibiotics
- Prolonged recovery
- icnreased carrier status
immunosuppressive agents or states:
- Nutritional deficiency
- environmental cotaminents
- Pesticides
- Diethylstibestrol
- Gases
- anti-biotics
- alcohol
what are different kinds of nutritional deficiency?
- Malnutrition
- vitamins
- mineral
- toxic metals
what happens if you are lamnutritioned?
you will be immune supressed so a tough situation in third world countries!
vitamins?
immuno-stimulating! Vitamin a at high doses can be used for breast cancer treatments! Vitamin E also used for cancer and Vitamin c is an anti-oxidant
Toxic metals: arsencic:
cancer causing, affects sulphide groups big time! Immune suppression
Toxic metals: nickel:
slight immune supppresion. Issue with nickel and hypersensitivity like earrings.
Toxic metal: silica:
not a metal. Silica kills macrophages
Toxic metals: lead-
effects about every immune thing possible but especially macrophaes, it effects lipid peroxidation and oxidation damage.
Toxic metals: cadmium
effects T cells big time! If you get a little in your body the half life is 30 years
Mercury-
methyl mercury in tuna fish
examples of environmental contaminents:
TCDD- induces supressor T-cells so it supresses immune system
PCB and PBB
examples of different kinds of pesticides:
- hexachlorobenzene- immuno supressants
- Dieldrin- insecticide- banned but supressant and immuno supressant
- DDT- causing cancer because it is an immuno suorssant
- Organophosphates slightly immuno supressants
- Levamisole- stimulant, stimulates T cells
- Herbicides immuno supressants
Diethylstibestrol-
used in pregnancy, bad idea, immunosuppresants which effects macrophages and lots of things. Has been banned
Gases example
ozone and NO2 under right circumstances can be suppressants.
anti-biotices:
some are immune suppressants
alcohol:
suppression!
