HAI

Question 1

What is a HAI?

Answer 1

Healthcare associated infection.

Within 48hrs of admission

Question 2

How can HAI’s be categorised?

Answer 2

By organism:

• MRSA
• E.coli
• C.Diff

By syndrome

• Catheter associated BSI
• Urinary catheter associated UTI
• Surgical site infection
• Ventilator associated pneumonia

Question 3

What is common syndrome of HAI?

Answer 3

Hospital acquired pneumonia

Question 4

What is C Diff?

Answer 4

Gram +ve spore forming anaerobe

Question 5

How is C Diff spread?

Answer 5

1. Spores spread and contaminate environment for a long time.
2. Ingested spores germinate in gut

Question 6

How are patients affected from C Diff?

Answer 6

1. range from asymptomatic to mild diarrhea to severe colitis
2. Attack rates higher in:
   - older
   - debilitated
   - antibiotic treated

Question 7

What is the firrst line antibiotic for C Diff?

Answer 7

Oral Vancomycin

Question 8

What is the most common organism to cause UTI in community vs hospital?

Answer 8

E.Coli predominantly in community.

E.coli still most common in hospital but bigger spread of other organisms

Question 9

What is a common gram +ve cocci in clusters?

Answer 9

Staph aureus

Question 10

What are implications of patients with MRSA?

Answer 10

1. Increased Morbidity
2. Prolonged admission
3. Prolonged antibiotics
4. Isolation rooms
5. Increased mortality

Question 11

What are the key strategies of infection control?

Answer 11

1. measuring
2. analysing
3. improving infection control activities
4. reduce infections