MD5
128 bit
RFC 1321
MD6
Submitted to NIST for SHA3 competition
SHA 1,2,3
SHA1: 160 bit
SHA2: 224, 256, 384, 512
SHA3: same as SHA2
FORK 256
256 hash bits
RIPEMD-160
160 bit hash
GOST
256 bits
TIGER
192 bit
MAC/HMAC
Hash based authentication code (RFC 2104)
Used in transfer protocols https, sftp, ftps, etc
Uses a hash like MD5 or SHA along with a secret key.(just like a digital signature does)
Bcrypt
Based on the Blowfish cipher.
128 bit salt and encrypts a 192 magic bit.
Incorporates Salt, used mainly for smaller data like passwords.