(IxD) is the process of creating interactive products and
services in which the designer considers how people will engage with the product.
Interaction Design
: A system should be easy to learn for new users, and it should provide feedback that
helps users understand how to use the system.
Learnability
- : A system should be flexible enough to accommodate a range of user needs and
preferences, including different input devices, display sizes, and operating systems.
Flexibility
: A system should enable users to complete tasks quickly and easily, without
unnecessary steps or barriers.
Efficiency
: A system should be designed so that users can easily remember how to use it even
if they haven’t used it for some time.
Memorability
: A system should be designed to minimize the occurrence of errors, but when errors
do occur, they should be easy to understand and recover from
Error handling
: A system should be designed to provide a positive user experience that satisfies
the needs and expectations of users.
User satisfaction
: A system should be designed to accommodate users with a range of abilities and
disabilities, including those with visual, auditory, and motor impairments.
Accessibility
Four Pillars of Design
- User Interface Requirements
- Guidelines, documents and processes
- UI Software Tools
- Expert Reviews and Usability Testing
- should be meaningful and simple to understand. They should communicate
information to users, but not too much information to overwhelm the user.
1D: Words
Representations - supplement the words used to communicate information to users.
- 2D: Visual
determines the devices that the users will use to interact with the
product.
- 3D: Physical Objects or Space –
- refers to media that changes with time (animation, videos, sounds). Motion and
sounds play a crucial role in giving visual and audio feedback to users’ interactions. Also, of
concern is the amount of time a user spends interacting with the product: can users track their
progress, or resume their interaction some time later?
4D: Time
includes the mechanism of a product.
5D: Behavior -
- colored by attitude, culture, personality, and context. There’s wide variation even in such universal
and seemingly simple behaviors such as walking
Motion
- interaction design involves a combination of physical and analog spaces. You make a gesture in
physical, analog space—for instance, turning a knob on your stereo—and you see the results on its digital
display screen.
Space
- Some tasks are complicated and take a long time to complete—for instance, searching for and
buying a product.
Time
- can also convey other attributes that may be meaningful: Is the object expensive or cheap?
Complicated or simple? Daunting or approachable? Single use or enduring? Structured or casual?
Appearance
Appearance has many variables for designers to alter:
- proportion
- structure
- size
- shape
- weight
- color (hue, value, saturation)
- sensation of an object can provide clues as to how it is to be used
Texture
- a small part of most interaction designs, but it can be an important part, especially for ambient
devices and alerts. Sounds possess many variables that can convey information as well.
Sound
Elements of Interaction Design
Sound
Texture
Appearance
Time
Space
Motion
Design Principles
Typography
Hierarchy
Perspective
Harmony
Rhythm
Directional movement
Contrast
Balance
Center of interest
Consistency
is the thread that ties together elements in a
single design. It also ties together designs across a single
campaign or brand, creating a product that is
distinguishable, usable and effective.
Consistency
