Heart failure

Question 1

definition

Answer 1

Heart Failure (HF): Inability of the heart to pump blood effectively.

Question 2

types

Answer 2

HFrEF (Reduced Ejection Fraction): EF < 40%, systolic dysfunction.
HFpEF (Preserved Ejection Fraction): EF ≥ 50%, diastolic dysfunction.

Question 3

what are the key limitations and prognosis

Answer 3

Symptoms include fatigue, dyspnoea, and fluid retention.
Poor prognosis with high morbidity and mortality rates.

Question 4

Benefits of exercise in HF

Answer 4

Improves exercise capacity, cardiac function, and quality of life.
Reduces hospitalisation rates.