1
Q
What are the common examination findings?
A
LHF:
- may be SOB
- pulmonary Oedema
- Hypotensive
- Displaced Apex beat
- Murmur
- Crackles at lung bases
RHF:
- Hepatomegaly
- Sacral and ankle oedema
- Raised JVP
CCF
All the above
2
Q
What are the investigations?
A
To finish the exam i would like to - Fundoscopy, respiratory exam, and Peripheral arterial exam,urinalysis and BP
By the bed - History and obs.
Bloods - FBC, U/E, TFTs, cardiac enzymes (ANP/BNP), ABG
Other - ECG, echo, CXR
3
Q
What are the key investigation findings?
A
ECG shows LVH
Raised cardiac enzymes
May have any murmurs
LVH on echo
HEART FAILURE CXR
4
Q
What is the treatment?
A
Conservative - Lifestyle
Medical - B blocker and ACEI for disease
Dixogin and ferusomide for symptoms
Acute pulmonary oedema
O2
Morphine
GTN
Ferusomide
5
Q
What are the risk factors?
What are the sequelae
A
LHF:
- IHD
- Cardiomyopathy
- Hypertension
- Valvular disease
RHF:
- Commonly from LHF
- IHD
- Pulmonary hypertension
