Hematologic System

Question 1

A drug that interferes with one or more steps in the blood clotting process to reduce or prevent new clots from forming or prevent existing clots from getting larger.

Answer 1

Anticoagulant

Question 2

A semi-solid amount of coagulated blood that blocks blood flow in a blood vessels.

Answer 2

Clot

Question 3

A blockage in an artery caused by blood clot or air bubble

Answer 3

Embolism

Question 4

A protein formed from fibrinogen during the clotting process that assists with the formation of a clot.

Answer 4

Fibrin

Question 5

A Protein found in blood plasma that is converted to fibrin too help form a blood clot

Answer 5

Fibrinogen

Question 6

An enzyme that acts on fibrinogen to convert it to fibrin to help a clot form

Answer 6

Thrombin

Question 7

What are the three functions how hematological system drugs work

Answer 7

Interferes with blood clotting
Reducing an existing blood clot
Stimulating the production of red blood cells

Question 8

What are the four classes of anticoagulants

Answer 8

Platelet inhibitors
Direct thrombin inhibitors
Indirect thrombin inhibitors
Vitamin K anatgonists

Question 9

Acetylsalicylic acid

Answer 9

Aspirin

Question 10

Clopidogrel

Answer 10

Plavix

Question 11

Risk for platelet inhibitors are

Answer 11

GI bleed
Increased risk with NSAID use.

Question 12

How long must a patient take a platelet inhibitor until it is effective?

Answer 12

1 year

Question 13

What nursing education would you teach for platelet inhibitors

Answer 13

Watch for signs and symptoms of bleeding
Blood in urine or stool
Tachycardia
Hypotension
SOB
GI Pain

Question 14

What prevents the formation of blood clots or thrombi by interfering with the enzyme thrombin? Increases the time it takes for blood to clot

Answer 14

Direct Thrombin inhibitors

Question 15

Rivaroxaban

Answer 15

Xarelto

Question 16

Apixaban

Answer 16

Eliquis

Question 17

What should you never interact with direct thrombin inhibitors

Answer 17

NSAIDS

Question 18

Reduces clot formation by increasing the amount and action of protein antithrombin 111. This protein inhibits thrombin from converting to fibrinogen to fibrin

Answer 18

Indirect thrombin inhibitors

Question 19

What are the two ways heparin be given

Answer 19

IV and Sub-q

Question 20

Enoxaparin

Answer 20

Lovenox

Question 21

What med is low molecular weight heparin (sub-q)

Answer 21

Enoxaparin

Question 22

What needs to monitored while taking Heparin

Answer 22

aPTT 30-40 seconds
The aPtt should be 1.5-2.5 times the control value

Question 23

What i a antidote for the overdose or HITT

Answer 23

Indirect thrombin inhibitors

Question 24

How do you prepare heparin

Answer 24

Roll do not shake

Question 25

What is the drug of choice for pregnant or breast feeding women

Answer 25

Heparin

Question 26

What treats iron deficiency anemia, when there is not enough iron available to make hemoglobin and maintain tissue oxygen

Answer 26

Drug for Iron Deficiency anemia

Question 27

Ferrous sulfate

Answer 27

iron deficiency

Question 28

Nursing education for Iron deficiency

Answer 28

Test for allergy Assess CBC, transferrin level, and serum ferritin level Takes 3 weeks before a change in blood levels DO NOT GIVE ANTACIDS

Question 29

Synthetic form of the hormone erythropoietin. Stimulates bone marrow to make more red blood cells at a faster rate.

Answer 29

Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents

Question 30

Darbepoetin alfa

Answer 30

erythropoiesis-stimulating agent that must be given weekly

Question 31

Dissolves clots by activating plasminogen to form plasmin. which breaks down the fibrin fiber network holding a clot together

Answer 31

Fibrinolytic drugs

Question 32

Alteplase (TPA)

Answer 32

Fibrinolytic drug. Can only be given IV

Question 33

What are the time frames that alteplase can be given for MI and stroke

Answer 33

MI up to 12 hours Stroke-3 hours High alert

Question 34

Mycophenolic acid (CellCept)

Answer 34

Antiproliferative drug

Question 35

Cyclosporin

Answer 35

Neoral Calcineurin inhibitors

Question 36

Tacrolimus

Answer 36

Prograf calcineurin inhibitors

Question 37

What are the four R's of the immune response

Answer 37

Recognize Responds Remembers Regulates

Question 38

Immunity is developed after the immune system makes its own antibodies

Answer 38

Active immunity

Question 39

Antibodies made after an infection

Answer 39

Natural active

Question 40

Antibodies made after a vaccination

Answer 40

Artificial active

Question 41

Immunity acquired by receiving antibodies from another organism

Answer 41

Passive immunity

Question 42

Antibodies transmitted from mother to baby

Answer 42

Natural passive