Hepatitis

Question 1

Hepatitis

Answer 1

1. Hepatitis is a viral infection of the liver associated w/ a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations from asymptomatic infection through icteric hepatitis to hepatic necrosis

Question 2

Hepatitis

-Prodromal Phase

Answer 2

1. Anorexia & Fatigue
2. Nausea & Vomiting
3. Malaise & headache
4. Low grade fever
5. Joint and muscle pain (Arthralgia & myalgia)

Question 3

Hepatitis

-Icteric Phase

Answer 3

1. RUQ abdominal pain
2. Dark colored urine
3. Diarrhea
4. Jaundice
5. Pruritus (itching)

Question 4

Hepatitis

-DIagnostics

Answer 4

1. ALT, AST, ALP, and Serum bilirubin INCREASED
2. Albumin is DECREASED
3. Hepatitis antibody and antigen present

Question 5

Hepatitis

-Specific Diagnostics

Answer 5

1. Liver biopsy to ID intensity of infection and degree of tissue damage
2. Abdominal x-rays to visualize hepatomegaly, ascites, or spleen enlargement

Question 6

Hepatitis A (Infectious Hepatitis)
-Transmission

Answer 6

Fecal-oral via contaminated food, water, shellfish, or direct contact

Question 7

Hepatitis A (Infectious Hepatitis)
-Incubation

Answer 7

4 weeks

Question 8

Hepatitis A (Infectious Hepatitis)
-Prevention

Answer 8

1. Good hand hygiene
2. Not using contaminated water
3. Vaccination

Question 9

Hepatitis B (Serum Hepatitis)
-Transmission

Answer 9

1. Blood and body fluids

2. Perinatal

Question 10

Hepatitis B (Serum Hepatitis)
-Incubation

Answer 10

30-180 days

Question 11

Hepatitis B (Serum Hepatitis)
-Prevention

Answer 11

1. Limit exposure to blood and body fluids

2. Vaccination

Question 12

Hepatitis B (Serum Hepatitis)
-Complications

Answer 12

1. Chronic hepatitis
2. Cirrhosis
3. Liver cancer

Question 13

Hepatitis C

-Transmission

Answer 13

1. Blood and body fluids

Question 14

Hepatitis C

-Incubation

Answer 14

14-180 days

Question 15

Hepatitis C

-Prevention

Answer 15

1. Limit exposure to blood and body fluids

2. Teach clients to avoid needle sharing

Question 16

Hepatitis C

-Complications

Answer 16

1. Chronic hepatitis
2. Cirrhosis
3. Liver cancer

Question 17

Hepatitis D - Co-infection w/ Hepatitis B

-Transmission

Answer 17

1. Blood and body fluids

2. Perinatal

Question 18

Hepatitis D - Co-infection w/ Hepatitis B

-Incubation

Answer 18

30-180 days – Same as Hepatitis B

Question 19

Hepatitis D - Co-infection w/ Hepatitis B

-Prevention

Answer 19

Hepatitis B vaccination

Question 20

Hepatitis D - Co-infection w/ Hepatitis B

-Complications

Answer 20

1. Chronic Hepatitis
2. Cirrhosis
3. Fulminant (rapidly progressive) Hepatitis

Question 21

Hepatitis E

-Transmission

Answer 21

Fecal-oral

Question 22

Hepatitis E

-Incubation

Answer 22

2-9 weeks

Question 23

Hepatitis E

-Prevention

Answer 23

1. Good hand hygiene
2. Not using contaminated water
3. Avoid raw foods

Question 24

Hepatitis E

-Complications

Answer 24

1. Severe in pregnant women

Question 25

Hepatitis Nursing Implications | -Diet

Answer 25

1. Low to moderate protein 2. Frequent small meals throughout day 3. High-calorie, nutrient-dense, low-fat foods

Question 26

Hepatitis Interventions

Answer 26

1. Encourage rest periods 2. Control nausea 3. Monitor for fluid and electrolyte imbalance -daily weight -encourage fluids AVOID ALCOHOL

Question 27

Hepatitis | -What to avoid

Answer 27

1. AVOID ALCOHOL 2. avoid medications metabolized in the liver - TYLENOL

Question 28

Hepatitis | ...Teaching

Answer 28

1. Monitor clotting and bleeding 2. Teach good hand washing/clean food prep/ safe water 3. Vaccination 4. Persons w/ hepatitis are carriers and can spread disease w/out showing symptoms

Question 29

Hepatitis | -Education Summary

Answer 29

1. Educate about: | Prevention, hygiene, vaccination, safe sex, safe IV drug use

Question 30

Chronic Hepatitis | -Complications

Answer 30

1. Chronic Hepatitis results from B,C, and D 2. Increases risk for liver cancer 3. may cause few symptoms Primary cause of liver damage leading to cirrhosis, liver cancer, and liver transplantation

Question 31

Chronic Hepatitis | -S/S

Answer 31

1. Malaise and fatigue 2. Hepatomegaly 3. Occasional icteric periods

Question 32

Fulminating Hepatitis

Answer 32

1. Fatal form of hepatitis