Hepatitis - Learning Package

Question 1

What are some other infections associated with hepatitis?

Answer 1

• Prenatal infections
  
  • Rubella
  • Cytomegalovirus
• Perinatal infections
  
  • Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
  • Parechovirus
  • Enterovirus
• Adult infections
  
  • Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
  • Epstein-Barr virus
• Immunocompromised host
  
  • CMV
  • Varicella-zoster virus
  • HSV

Question 2

What are some non-viral infections that can cause hepatitis?

Answer 2

• Leptosporosis
  
  • Zoonosis with animal reservoirs being rodents and small mammals
  • Human infection by direct or indirect contact with urine or tissues of animals infected
  • Acquired occupationally (farmers, vets, plumbers) or during leisure activities (freshwater contact)
• Q fever
  
  • Zoonosis with animal reservoirs (cattle, sheep, goats)
  • Causal organism – coxiella burnetti
  • Human infection through inhalation or ingestion
• Psittacosis/Ornithosis
  
  • Zoonoses with animal reservoirs in possible all birds and many animals (cattle, sheep, goats)
  • Causal organism – chlamydophila psittaci
  • Human infection through respiratory route

Question 3

For leptosporosis:

• reservoirs
• how humans infected

Answer 3

• Zoonosis with animal reservoirs being rodents and small mammals
• Human infection by direct or indirect contact with urine or tissues of animals infected
• Acquired occupationally (farmers, vets, plumbers) or during leisure activities (freshwater contact)

Question 4

For Q fever:

• reservoirs
• causal organism
• how humans infected

Answer 4

• Zoonosis with animal reservoirs (cattle, sheep, goats)
• Causal organism – coxiella burnetti
• Human infection through inhalation or ingestion

Question 5

For psittacosis/ornithosis:

• reservoirs
• causal organism
• how humans infected

Answer 5

• Zoonoses with animal reservoirs in possible all birds and many animals (cattle, sheep, goats)
• Causal organism – chlamydophila psittaci
• Human infection through respiratory route

Question 6

When are healthcare workers with hepatitis excluded from performing exposure prone procedures (EPP)?

Answer 6

• Hepatitis B E antigen positive
• Hepatitis B surface antigen positive and HBV DNA of 1000 or more copies/mL blood
• Hepatitis C PCR positive

Question 7

What should be done after percutaneous exposure to blood/body fluids?

Answer 7

• Encourage bleeding
• Wash injury thoroughly with warm running water and soap
• Cover with waterproof plaster
• Report injury immediately to supervisor

Question 8

Transmission for:

• HAV
• HBV
• HCV
• HDV
• HEV

Answer 8

Question 9

Incubation in days for:

• HAV
• HBV
• HCV
• HDV
• HEV

Answer 9

Question 10

Main populations at risk for:

• HAV
• HBV
• HCV
• HDV
• HEV

Answer 10

Question 11

Chornic infection for:

• HAV
• HBV
• HCV
• HDV
• HEV

Answer 11

Question 12

Chronic sequelae for:

• HAV
• HBV
• HCV
• HDV
• HEV

Answer 12

Question 13

Virulogical diagnosis for:

• HAV
• HBV
• HCV
• HDV
• HEV

Answer 13