COA civil
3 exceptions
Young v Bristol aeorplane
COA criminal
Bound by prev decisions
Binds lower courts
Bound by SC / HOL
Magistrates
Bound by higher
Not bound by itself
JCPC
JUdicial committee of privy council
commonwealth
Cannot bind E/W courts or override their decisions
If applying E/W law, is bound by SC/HOL
But PERSUASIVE / GREAT WEIGHT
How did practice statement change things
Before HOL was bound by its own decisions
Stifled development of law
What year was practice statement
1966
What was the practice statement 1966
Allowed courts to depart from Prev decision when it appears right to do so
Limitations of practice statement
Only applied to HOL
Guidance on when to depart is VAGUE