it is a dark brown to black cement-like material in which the predominant constituents are bitumen that occurs
naturally or is obtained through petroleum processing.
Asphalt
the top surface of a road structure. It is also the component of the road structure which receives the traffic laod and transfers it to the subgrade.
Base
it is a plaster coat or coats applied prior to application of the finish coat.
Base coat
is a type of street which serves internal traffic movements within an area and connects this area with
major arterials.
Collector Street
a divided arterial highway for through traffic with full or partial control of access and generally with grade separation at intersections.
Expressway
is an expressway with full control access
Freeway
Freeways do not allow any at-grade crossings.
the hardness of asphalt cement is obtained by conducting a penetration test.
Hardness
Hardness affects the performance of asphalt in road applications.
a general term denoting a public way for purposes of vehicular travel, including the entire area within the right of way.
Highway
Highways can vary in size and traffic capacity.
is a system of interconnecting roadways in conjunction with one or more highway separations providing for the interchange of traffic between two or more intersecting highways, usually without at-grade crossing of through and major turning movements.
Interchange
Interchanges improve traffic flow and safety.
is an area/section where two or more roads come together.
Intersection
Intersections can be controlled by signals or signs.
when the major highway is taken above by raising its profile above the general ground level by embankment and an overbridge across another highway.
Overpass
Overpasses help eliminate at-grade crossings.
is the layered structure placed over a soil sub-grade for forming a road.
Pavement
Pavement materials can vary based on design and use.
is the single application of liquid bituminous material to a previously prepared and untreated road base, such as earth, gravel, stabilized soil, or water-bound macadam base courses
Prime coat
Prime coats enhance the bond between layers.
is the graded portion of a highway within the top and side slopes, prepared as a foundation for the pavement structures and shoulders.
Road bed
A well-prepared road bed is crucial for road durability.
a very thin surface treatment of bituminous material which is applied as a final step in the construction of certain bituminous wearing surfaces of roads.
Seal coat
Seal coats protect the pavement from weather and wear.
is the part of the road structure which is immediately above the subgrade and composed of stone boulders or superior soil.
Sub-base
Sub-bases provide support for the pavement.
is the layer of natural soil over which the pavement of a road is laid.
Subgrade
The quality of subgrade affects overall road performance.
is the single initial application of bituminous material to an existing bituminous, Portland cement concrete, or block surface or based
Tack coat
Tack coats improve adhesion between layers.
when the major highway is taken by depressing it below the ground level to cross another road by means of an underbridge.
Underpass
Underpasses are used to maintain traffic flow without interruptions.
is the layer in a road pavement which provides resistance to wear and tear due to traffic.
The layer in a road pavement which provides resistance to wear and tear due to traffic.
Wearing courses are crucial for road longevity.
