7th Grade Trimester 2 > History Chapter 6 > Flashcards

History Chapter 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

In January 1776, Thomas Paine from Philadelphia writes ______ _______

A

Common Sense

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2
Q

Even with independence, some is at stake, so people question…

A

if they want independence still

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3
Q

Common Sense:

A

a 50 pg pamphlet that criticizes British rule

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4
Q

Common Sense felt as though it was obvious for independence to be declared based off of..

A

England’s treatment

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5
Q

By 1800, 500,000 copies of Common Sense were sold, which made Thomas Paine go to a nobody to what?

A

an instant American Hero

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6
Q

Who proposes a resolution?

A

Richard Henry Lee

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7
Q

Richard’s resolution stated that…

A

the United Colonies are and of right ought to be free and independent states

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8
Q

Who are the members of the Committee of Five?

A

Jefferson, Franklin, Adams, Roger Sherman, and Robert Livingston

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9
Q

Who is chosen to write the Declaration of Independence?

A

Thomas Jefferson

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10
Q

Jefferson was chosen to write the D.O.I. because…

A

he was well educated, one of the bright minds of America, and had a UNIQUE WRITING STYLE

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11
Q

Jefferson’s goal was:

A

“To place before mankind the common sense of the matter in terms so plain and so firm as to command their consent”

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12
Q

Jefferson’s ideas were built off the _______ and ides of _______ ______

A

Enlightenment, John Locke

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13
Q

The Preamble:

A

the introduction the DOI

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14
Q

What does the Preamble focus on?

A

emphasis on 2 human rights

Explanations on why they are to break away

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15
Q

Parts of the DOI:

A

Preamble
Natural Rights
List of Grievances
Dissolution of Bonds

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16
Q

Part I of DOI explanation:

A

discusses the basic rights that we should have as humans

  • all men are created equal
  • life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
  • we hold the truths to be self evident
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17
Q

Part II of DOI explanation:

A

-ALL the ways King George III abused the colonies (25 in total)
>Longest part of DOI
-facts-

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18
Q

Part III of DOI explanation:

A
  • The conclusion summing up everything
  • We (colonies) are now the United States of America
  • Ridding themselves of Great Britain
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19
Q

Impact of DOI:

A

the DOI is a ‘birth certificate’ adressed to the king, Parliament, etc

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20
Q

When did the members of CC approve the DOI?

A

July 4, 1776

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21
Q

What does the British attempt to do to defeat the rebellion?

A

split the colonies in two and attack the middle

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22
Q

What is General Howe’s strategy?

A

to take control of New York and land on Staten Island

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23
Q

In the Battle of Long Island (6 weeks after DOI) Washington is stuck, and makes a crucial decision, he has to fight, but may lose, or leave and act a fool. What does he do? (Add Date)

A

He retreats over the Manhattan Bridge on the Night of August 27

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24
Q

In 1777, which general wants to cut New England from the colonies with a three prong attack?

A

John Burgoyne

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25
In Saratoga, who is given command of the CA?
General Horatio Gates
26
Horatio Gates and Benedict Arnold argue, but which one is the true unsung hero of Saratoga?
Benedict Arnold
27
The British army is captured and surrenders on what date?
October 17, 1777
28
Saratoga is the ______ _____ of the American Revolution
Turning Point
29
Name the 3 reasons why Saratoga is the turning point?
Ends Britain's threat in North England No longer an easy victory Europe sees that America may have a chance
30
After Saratoga, what country helps the Americans?
France
31
*In what year does the French promise to send their navy and allies them?
1778
32
Which countries also go to war against Britain?
Netherlands and Spain
33
Marquis de Lafayette was an officer in GW's army,, he was close friends with.... and is a ______ officer
George Washington, French
34
Thaddeus, Kosciusko: (Country & Occupation)
Poland and an Engineer
35
Casmir Pulaski: (Country & Occupation)
Poland and led & trained cavalries
36
cavalry:
soldiers on horseback
37
Fredrich von Steuben:
from the Prussian Army and taught the CA how to march, aim better, and use bayonets
38
European support will help the US win the war by??
providing them with weapons, ships, and man power
39
*George Washington decides to take... in Valley Forge
Winter Quarters
40
What was a non-battle but extremely difficult for the Continental Army?
Valley Forge
41
Why was Valley Forge difficult?
They were low on food, clothing; diseases; worst winter
42
*The time spent in Valley Forge is used for ___________ for the training of soldiers
rejuvenation
43
For African Americans in the war, what was the war considered?
both a danger and opportunity
44
Britain offered freedom for those African Americans who...
deserted the Continental Army, escaped their masters and joined them
45
Why didn't Washington accept African Americans in his army?
he feared his other men may be racists and have conflict
46
When did Pennsylvania end slavery?
in 1780
47
In war, women take the home obligations of who?
men
48
What did women do in the war?
nursing, cooking, cleaning, etc
49
Who were two famous woman who helped in the war?
Deborah Simpson & Molly Pitcher
50
Since the CC is in debt, they print continentals (paper money) but why are they useless?
There's too much and they aren't backed up
51
Why do many Native American Tribes side with the British?
they hoped to obtain land
52
George Rogers Clark:
sent to attack the British forts west of the Appalachian Mountains
53
How did Spain unofficially help the CA?
they provided money and ammo, not people
54
*Bernando de Galvez:
provides money ad ammo and allows use of the port in New Orleans
55
The British have a huge advantage over the CA at sea, so what does the CA do?
hire privateers and attach cannons to merchant ships for bootleg warships
56
*Privateers:
Had to act like Pirate ships
57
A famous battle was off the coast of England in what year?
1779
58
*John Paul Jones: (What is his nickname?)
American Sea captain of the Bonhomme Richard; Father of the American Navy
59
John fought against which British ship?
Serapis
60
John Paul Jones' famous quote:
"I have not yet begun to fight"
61
Who was the British Commander of the South?
Lord Charles Cornwallis
62
What was Cornwallis' plan?
to capture major cities marching north and take down the colonies 1 by 1
63
Guerrilla Warfare:
hit and run attacks
64
*What was Francis Marion known for (his nickname) for guerrilla warfare?
The Swamp Fox
65
Nathanael Greene:
Commander of the Continental Army in the South
66
What does Nathanael Green to divide his army?
splits it into two
67
Who wins the battle of Cowpens?
Daniel Morgan
68
Who was the traitor of the Americans and what place did he give up?
Benedict Arnold; he gave up West Point
69
When does the French Navy show up?
Battle of Yorktown
70
When does the British finally surrender at Yorktown?
October 19, 1781
71
The British agree to do what with the French after the war?
to move their troops immediately from the US
72
List the 4 reasons why the Americans Won?
- The Americans knew the Geography - The Patriot Spirit - Skilled Leaders - Help from
7th Grade Trimester 2
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