Holderness Coast Case study

Question 1

Where is Holderness coast Located?

Answer 1

Holderness is located on the east coast of England.

Question 2

Describe key features and process on the Flamborough head?

Answer 2

Flamborough head: Shows how waves can form erosion features such as wave cut platform and how wave refraction allows cave to develop

Question 3

Describe key features and process on Holderness Cliff?

Answer 3

Holderness cliff: form from materials left by ice sheets and are retreating at 1.8mm per year. LSD carries 1/2 million of sediment southward at cliff foot.

Question 4

Describe key features and process on Spurn Head

Answer 4

Spurn Head: Wind, waves and river estuary have created a large but fragile recurved spit, it is growing at 10cm each year

Question 5

Describe coastal management at spurn head and advantages and disadvantages of it?

Answer 5

Spurn Head: In 1995, Council could no longer afford the damage.

Advantages: Saved costs
Disadvantages: Community of lifeboat men have to move elsewhere.

Question 6

Describe coastal management at Hornsea and advantages and disadvantages of it?

Answer 6

Hornsea: Build new groynes at a cost of 5.2 million.

Advantages: low cost and development on low-lying land possible
Disadvantages: Need maintenance and trapping of sand could cause scour at Mappleton

Question 7

Describe coastal management in Mappleton?

Answer 7

1991, a 2.1 million scheme to protect Mappleton includes two rock groynes, rock revetment ,cliffs were re-graded to reduce slumping and beach nourishment.

Question 8

List me 4 options for Sustainable Coastal Management?

Answer 8

Hold the line, advance the line, managed retreat and do nothing.

Question 9

What’s a shoreline management plan (SMP)

Answer 9

SMP assesses coastal risk and provides a policy framework to protect people and the environment, minimizing interference unless life or property is at risk.

Question 10

When is SMP introduced?

Answer 10

1995

Question 11

How many SMPs are there around the coast of England and Wales?

Answer 11

22

Question 12

What is integrated coastal zone management (ICZM)

Answer 12

ICZM is the process that brings together all of those involved in the development, management and use of coast.

Question 13

When is ICZM launched?

Answer 13

1992

Question 14

What’s the aim of ICZM

Answer 14

Aim of ICZM is to establish sustainable economic and social activity, resolve challenges and protect the coastal environment.

Question 15

What’s the ICZM cycle?

Answer 15

ICZM Cycle: Information collection, planning, decision making , management and monitoring.